And the word of Hashem came to Jehu the son of Hanani against Baasa, saying:
verse value 1230
Insights
Verse structure: 6 words, 33 letters. The shortest word is "and·it·was" (וַיְהִ֤י, 4 letters) and the longest is "the·word·of·Hashem" (דְבַר־יְהֹוָה֙, 7 letters). 2 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Kings. Unique to this verse in I Kings (hapax): "to·Jehu" (אֶל־יֵה֣וּא), "against·Baasa" (עַל־בַּעְשָׁ֖א). 6 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "saying" (root אמר, 324x in I Kings); "the·word·of·Hashem" (root יהוה, 254x in I Kings); "and·it·was" (root היה, 196x in I Kings). First appearance of the root יהוא ("to·Jehu") in I Kings. Full calculation: וַיְהִ֤י [and·it·was] (31) + דְבַר־יְהֹוָה֙ [the·word·of·Hashem] (232) + אֶל־יֵה֣וּא [to·Jehu] (53) + בֶן־חֲנָ֔נִי [son·of·Hanani] (170) + עַל־בַּעְשָׁ֖א [against·Baasa] (473) + לֵאמֹֽר [saying] (271) = 1230.
’Forasmuch as I exalted you out of the dust, and made you prince over My people Israel; and you have walked in the way of Jeroboam, and have made My people Israel to sin, to provoke Me with their sins;
verse value 6271
Insights
Verse structure: 17 words, 80 letters. The shortest word is "over" (עַ֖ל, 2 letters) and the longest is "to·provoke·me" (לְהַכְעִיסֵ֖נִי, 8 letters). Words sharing gematria 541: Israel, Israel. 2 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Kings. Unique to this verse in I Kings (hapax): "I·exalted·you" (הֲרִימֹתִ֙יךָ֙), "from·the·dust" (מִן־הֶ֣עָפָ֔ר). The root ישראל appears 2 times in this verse. 16 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "as" (root אשר, 375x in I Kings); "over" (root על, 127x in I Kings); "Israel" (root ישראל, 120x in I Kings). First appearance of the root עפר ("from·the·dust") in I Kings. The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'Israel', dividing the verse into phrases of 9 and 8 words.
Metzudat Zion
Hirmatecha. From the language of elevation and setting apart:
behold, I will utterly sweep away Baasa and his house; and I will make your house like the house of Jeroboam the son of Nebat.
verse value 4238
Insights
Verse structure: 11 words, 51 letters. Verse gematria: 4238 is divisible by 26, the value of the divine name Hashem. The shortest word is "they" (הִנְנִ֥י, 4 letters) and the longest is "your·house" (אֶת־בֵּ֣יתְךָ֔, 6 letters). Words sharing gematria 322: sweeping·away, Jeroboam. 2 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Kings. Unique to this verse in I Kings (hapax): "sweeping·away" (מַבְעִ֛יר), "his·house" (בֵית֑וֹ). The root בית appears 3 times in this verse. 8 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "his·house" (root בית, 191x in I Kings); "and·I·will·give" (root נתן, 113x in I Kings); "son·of·Nebat" (root בין, 107x in I Kings). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'his·house', dividing the verse into phrases of 6 and 5 words. Full calculation: הִנְנִ֥י [they] (115) + מַבְעִ֛יר [sweeping·away] (322) + אַחֲרֵ֥י [after] (219) + בַעְשָׁ֖א [Baasa] (373) + וְאַחֲרֵ֣י [and·after] (225) + בֵית֑וֹ [his·house] (418) + וְנָֽתַתִּי֙ [and·I·will·give] (866) + אֶת־בֵּ֣יתְךָ֔ [your·house] (833) + כְּבֵ֖ית [like·the·house·of] (432) + יָרׇבְעָ֥ם [Jeroboam] (322) + בֶּן־נְבָֽט [son·of·Nebat] (113) = 4238.
Radak
"Behold, I am sweeping away." From [the phrase] "and you shall root out the evil."
Him that dies of Baasa in the city shall the dogs eat; and him that dies of his in the field shall the fowls of the air eat.’
verse value 2720
Insights
Verse structure: 11 words, 46 letters. Notable word values: "of·his" (לוֹ֙) = 36, double chai. The shortest word is "of·his" (לוֹ֙, 2 letters) and the longest is "the·dogs" (הַכְּלָבִ֑ים, 6 letters). Words sharing gematria 67: shall·eat, shall·eat. 1 word in this verse appears nowhere else in I Kings. Unique to this verse in I Kings (hapax): "of·Baasa" (לְבַעְשָׁא֙). The root מות appears 2 times in this verse. 8 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "that·dies" (root מות, 59x in I Kings); "in·the·city" (root עיר, 44x in I Kings); "shall·eat" (root אכל, 36x in I Kings). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'the·dogs', dividing the verse into phrases of 5 and 6 words. Full calculation: הַמֵּ֤ת [that·dies] (445) + לְבַעְשָׁא֙ [of·Baasa] (403) + בָּעִ֔יר [in·the·city] (282) + יֹאכְל֖וּ [shall·eat] (67) + הַכְּלָבִ֑ים [the·dogs] (107) + וְהַמֵּ֥ת [and·the·dead·one] (451) + לוֹ֙ [of·his] (36) + בַּשָּׂדֶ֔ה [in·the·field] (311) + יֹאכְל֖וּ [shall·eat] (67) + ע֥וֹף [birds·of] (156) + הַשָּׁמָֽיִם [heaven] (395) = 2720.
Ralbag
"Anyone belonging to Baasha who dies in the city, the dogs shall eat." This means that none of them will come to a grave.
And moreover by the hand of the prophet Jehu the son of Hanani came the word of Hashem against Baasa, and against his house, both because of all the evil that he did in the sight of Hashem, to provoke Him with the work of his hands, in being like the house of Jeroboam, and because he smote him.
verse value 5813
Insights
Verse structure: 22 words, 110 letters. Notable word values: "Hashem" (יְהֹוָ֗ה) = 26, the value of the divine name Hashem. The shortest word is "and·also" (וְגַ֡ם, 3 letters) and the longest is "by·hand·of·Jehu" (בְּיַד־יֵה֨וּא, 7 letters). Words sharing gematria 106: and·because·of, and·because·of. 6 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Kings. Unique to this verse in I Kings (hapax): "by·hand·of·Jehu" (בְּיַד־יֵה֨וּא), "and·to·his·house" (וְאֶל־בֵּית֜וֹ), "to·provoke·him" (לְהַכְעִיסוֹ֙). The root יהוה appears 2 times in this verse. 17 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "that·he·did" (root אשר, 375x in I Kings); "word·of·Hashem" (root יהוה, 254x in I Kings); "was" (root היה, 196x in I Kings). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'Jeroboam', dividing the verse into phrases of 19 and 3 words.
Rashi
“And also in the hand of Jehu, the son of Hanani, the prophet, was the word of the Lord against Baasha.” This implies that Elah, the son of Baasha, reigned as king. And even so, the word of the Lord was through the hand of Jehu, so that his kingdom would not endure.
“Concerning that which he struck him.” Since he, too, was walking in his sins, it turns out that he was not entitled to put him to death; therefore, he was punished for his killing. Likewise, we find (in Hosea 1:4): “And I will visit the blood of Jezreel upon the house of Jehu.” Since they did not turn away from the ways of Ahab, they were punished for their killings.
Radak
And also in the hand of Jehu. Because it states, "And Elah his son reigned in his stead," the verse implies that his reign was not complete, for he reigned only two years, and those years were fractional. For he began to reign in the twenty-sixth year of Asa, and Zimri killed him in the twenty-seventh year of Asa; thus, he reigned only one full year. What is meant by "two years" is that it was a partial two years. Furthermore, the use of the word "also" [gam] serves to include the house of Jeroboam in this reckoning. Just as Ahijah the Shilonite prophesied against Jeroboam and his house that his dynasty would not endure, so it came to pass: his son Nadab reigned only two years, and they were fractional. For Nadab began to reign in the second year of Asa, and in the third year of Asa Baasha reigned, having killed him; thus, his son reigned only one full year, and what is stated as "two years" refers to a partial two years. So too was it with Baasha: his son reigned only one year, and his kingship was cut short, as Jehu son of Hanani had prophesied against him.
And concerning “whom he struck.” For he was punished for the blood of Nadab, since he walked in his ways and was wicked like him; he was punished for his murder, and he too was put to death. And so it says likewise regarding the house of Jehu: “And I will visit the blood of Jezreel upon the house of Jehu.” And it says “him” — and even though it did not mention Nadab, behold, it mentioned the house of Jeroboam.
Ralbag
“And also by the hand of Jehu son of Hanani.” This means that there was yet another word of the Lord through him against Baasha and his house, that it would be like the house of Jeroboam, because he walked in the way of Jeroboam and because he struck him. This is what was added in this second prophecy. On account of this he was incited to kill his master. For this reason he was not punished for their murder, but rather he was punished for walking in the sins of Jeroboam and for causing Israel to sin.
Metzudat David
And also by the hand of Jehu. For above he did not mention to appoint the punishment except for what he caused Israel to sin; and he did not mention what he sinned himself. Therefore he added to say: and also by the hand of Jehu, etc. And he means: in that very prophecy that he sent by the hand of Jehu, that he is appointed for punishment on account that he caused Israel to sin -- in that prophecy he appointed the punishment also on account of the evil that he did himself, with the work of his hands.
And on account that he smote him. Meaning: and He will also bring upon him the punishment, on account that he smote the house of Jeroboam. And although it was done by the word of the Lord, nevertheless Baasha did not do it to fulfill the word of the Lord, but he did it to sit on the throne of kingship, without finding one to challenge him. Since he also held to his deeds, for this reason it will be counted to him as innocent blood.
Malbim
The Questions: Did the verse not already state in the first verse that the word of the Lord came to Jehu?
And also “by the hand of Jehu,” as it is stated in the first verse, “The word of the Lord came to Jehu.” This occurred during the lifetime of Baasha; then the Lord revealed to Jehu the decree of judgment that had been decreed against Baasha. However, this was not in the manner of a prophetic mission, but rather it was merely revealed to the prophet the sentence of judgment, in accordance with the principle: “Surely the Lord God does nothing, unless He reveals His secret to His servants the prophets” (Amos 3:7). And after Baasha died and his son Elah reigned, at which time the period for the fulfillment of the decree arrived (for by then two generations had sinned, he and his son, as was the case with Jeroboam after his son reigned), then [the Lord] sent him in the manner of a messenger to announce the decree. And this is the meaning of “by the hand of Jehu”: the word “by the hand” indicates the mission with which he was sent to announce the sentence of judgment to the sinner. And the mission was directed to Baasha and to his house, meaning Elah his son. And he was informed that he would be punished for two matters: 1. For the evil that he did, etc., to be like the house of Jeroboam; and therefore he deserved to be punished like Jeroboam. 2. In addition to this, for having struck him [i.e., Baasha]; since he was like the house of Jeroboam, why did he strike him? And for this he incurs a specific punishment. And now it relates that his cutting off was similar to that of the house of Jeroboam: just as Nadab, son of Jeroboam, was killed by conspiracy in the second year of his reign, so too was Elah killed.
In the twenty and sixth year of Asa king of Judah began Elah the son of Baasa to reign over Israel in Tirzah, and reigned two years.
verse value 5234
Insights
Verse structure: 13 words, 56 letters. Notable word values: "Elah" (אֵלָ֨ה) = 36, double chai. The shortest word is "and·six" (וָשֵׁשׁ֙, 3 letters) and the longest is "over·Israel" (עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל, 7 letters). Words sharing gematria 90: king, he·reigned. 1 word in this verse appears nowhere else in I Kings. Unique to this verse in I Kings (hapax): "son·of·Baasa" (בֶן־בַּעְשָׁ֧א). The root שנה appears 3 times in this verse. 10 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "king" (root מלך, 341x in I Kings); "over·Israel" (root על, 127x in I Kings); "in·year·of" (root שנה, 72x in I Kings). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'Judah', dividing the verse into phrases of 7 and 6 words. Full calculation: בִּשְׁנַ֨ת [in·year·of] (752) + עֶשְׂרִ֤ים [twenty] (620) + וָשֵׁשׁ֙ [and·six] (606) + שָׁנָ֔ה [year] (355) + לְאָסָ֖א [of·Asa] (92) + מֶ֣לֶךְ [king] (90) + יְהוּדָ֑ה [Judah] (30) + מָ֠לַ֠ךְ [he·reigned] (90) + אֵלָ֨ה [Elah] (36) + בֶן־בַּעְשָׁ֧א [son·of·Baasa] (425) + עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל [over·Israel] (641) + בְּתִרְצָ֖ה [in·Tirzah] (697) + שְׁנָתָֽיִם [years] (800) = 5234.
Metzudat David
In the twenty-sixth year. For Baasha reigned in the 3rd year to Asa; and with that year he reigned 24 years; and he died and immediately Elah reigned; and behold it is in the 26th year to Asa.
Two years. And they were partial.
And his servant Zimri, captain of half his chariots, conspired against him; now he was in Tirzah, drinking himself drunk in the house of Arza, who was over the household in Tirzah;
verse value 6711
Insights
Verse structure: 16 words, 65 letters. Notable word values: "and·he" (וְה֤וּא) = 18, chai, 'life'. The shortest word is "prince" (שַׂ֖ר, 2 letters) and the longest is "over·the·household" (עַל־הַבַּ֖יִת, 6 letters). Words sharing gematria 697: in·Tirzah, in·Tirzah. 2 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Kings. Unique to this verse in I Kings (hapax): "half" (מַחֲצִ֣ית), "Arza" (אַרְצָ֔א). The root תרצה appears 2 times in this verse. 13 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "who" (root אשר, 375x in I Kings); "house·of" (root בית, 191x in I Kings); "against·him" (root על, 127x in I Kings). First appearance of the root זמרי ("Zimri") in I Kings. The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'the·chariots', dividing the verse into phrases of 7 and 9 words.
Rashi
"Commander of half the chariots." He and another were commanders over the chariots.
Radak
"Commander of half the chariots." As its Targum [translates it]: "One of two commanders of chariots."
"Drinking, drunk." That is to say, he drank until he became intoxicated.
"Beit Arza" [house of Arza]. This is a person's name, and he was an official; he is the one referred to as "who was over the house." And the Targum likewise [renders] "Beit Arza" [as] "the idols that were in the house, in Tirzah."
Ralbag
“Commander of half the chariots.” Now there were two commanders of the chariots, and Zimri was one of them. And God exacted from Baasha a measure-for-measure retribution: for he had killed the house of Jeroboam when they were besieging Gibbethon, which belongs to the Philistines; and likewise, when the Israelites were encamped at Gibbethon, which belongs to the Philistines, Zimri killed all the house of Baasha, his family and his companions.
Metzudat David
Commander of half the chariots. Two commanders were for Elah over the men of the chariots; and Zimri was commander over half.
And he was in Tirzah. At the time that Zimri plotted against him, Elah was in Tirzah, in the house of Arza, who was in charge of the king's house that was in Tirzah; and there he drank wine until he became drunk. And for this reason he had no sense to guard himself from Zimri.
Malbim
"Beth Arza" refers to Arza, the name of a person who served as an officer over the house/palace. And he [Elah] was in Tirzah. [Unlike this,] the conspiracy that Baasha carried out against Nadab took place in Gibbethon, in the field of battle, because those who conspired with him were military men—whereas those who conspired with Zimri were people of the city. Therefore he chose the time when the soldiers of the army were in Gibbethon and the king was alone in his house, drinking himself drunk.
and Zimri went in and smote him, and killed him, in the twenty and seventh year of Asa king of Judah, and reigned in his stead.
verse value 3692
Insights
Verse structure: 12 words, 55 letters. Verse gematria: 3692 is divisible by 26, the value of the divine name Hashem. The shortest word is "king" (מֶ֣לֶךְ, 3 letters) and the longest is "and·He·slew·him" (וַיְמִיתֵ֔הוּ, 7 letters). The root מלך appears 2 times in this verse. 11 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "king" (root מלך, 341x in I Kings); "and·came" (root בוא, 109x in I Kings); "in·year·of" (root שנה, 72x in I Kings). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'Judah', dividing the verse into phrases of 10 and 2 words. Full calculation: וַיָּבֹ֤א [and·came] (19) + זִמְרִי֙ [Zimri] (257) + וַיַּכֵּ֣הוּ [and·struck·him] (47) + וַיְמִיתֵ֔הוּ [and·He·slew·him] (477) + בִּשְׁנַת֙ [in·year·of] (752) + עֶשְׂרִ֣ים [twenty] (620) + וָשֶׁ֔בַע [seven] (378) + לְאָסָ֖א [of·Asa] (92) + מֶ֣לֶךְ [king] (90) + יְהוּדָ֑ה [Judah] (30) + וַיִּמְלֹ֖ךְ [and·he·reigned] (106) + תַּחְתָּֽיו [in·his·place] (824) = 3692.
Metzudat David
In the twenty-seventh year. For he reigned in the 26th year to Asa; and the days of his kingship were two years; and they are part of the 26th of Asa and the 27th; and they are two partial years.
And it came to pass, when he began to reign, as soon as he sat on his throne, that he smote all the house of Baasa; he left him not a single man-child, neither of his kinsfolks, nor of his friends.
verse value 4348
Insights
Verse structure: 13 words, 63 letters. Notable word values: "to·him" (ל֖וֹ) = 36, double chai. The shortest word is "to·him" (ל֖וֹ, 2 letters) and the longest is "all·the·house·of" (אֶת־כׇּל־בֵּ֣ית, 7 letters). 3 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Kings. Unique to this verse in I Kings (hapax): "when·he·sat" (כְּשִׁבְתּ֣וֹ), "and·his·kinsmen" (וְגֹאֲלָ֖יו), "and·his·neighbor" (וְרֵעֵֽהוּ). 12 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "in·his·reigning" (root מלך, 341x in I Kings); "and·it·was" (root היה, 196x in I Kings); "all·the·house·of" (root בית, 191x in I Kings). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'in·wall', dividing the verse into phrases of 11 and 2 words. Full calculation: וַיְהִ֨י [and·it·was] (31) + בְמׇלְכ֜וֹ [in·his·reigning] (98) + כְּשִׁבְתּ֣וֹ [when·he·sat] (728) + עַל־כִּסְא֗וֹ [on·his·throne] (187) + הִכָּה֙ [he·struck] (30) + אֶת־כׇּל־בֵּ֣ית [all·the·house·of] (863) + בַּעְשָׁ֔א [Baasa] (373) + לֹא־הִשְׁאִ֥יר [not·he·left] (547) + ל֖וֹ [to·him] (36) + מַשְׁתִּ֣ין [urinating] (800) + בְּקִ֑יר [in·wall] (312) + וְגֹאֲלָ֖יו [and·his·kinsmen] (56) + וְרֵעֵֽהוּ [and·his·neighbor] (287) = 4348.
Rashi
"And his redeemers, and his friend." (Targum:) "His kinsmen, and his friends."
Radak
"And it came to pass in his reign." In the letter bet:
"When he sat." With a kaf:
He did not leave him any of his seed. And he also struck his redeemers, who are his relatives, and he also struck his friend, meaning his friends. And "his friend" is like "his companions." Likewise, in his prayer for his friend, "shield of his hero" is like "his mighty ones."
Metzudat David
He who urinates against the wall. It is the male; the one who makes a stream far away.
And his redeemers. His relatives; like (Leviticus 25:25): 'and his redeemer shall come.' For to the relative is the law of redemption to redeem his field from the buyer.
And his companion. There was a man designated for them to sit always with the king; and as is said (above 4:5): "and Zabud and etc. the king's companion."
Malbim
(11–12) "When he became king, as soon as he sat on his throne" – he struck down all the house of Baasha, meaning his sons, his brothers, and his kinsmen who had the right of redemption, so that the kingdom would be secure in his hand. And afterward, Zimri destroyed them utterly — even women and children — since he was not afraid that they would rise up against him concerning the kingship. And this was in accordance with the word of the Lord, to fulfill His decree. And by this, he left him "no one who urinates against a wall" – this was the destruction, including his kinsmen who had the right of redemption and his companion, so that they would not lay claim regarding the kingship.
Thus did Zimri destroy all the house of Baasa, according to the word of Hashem, which He spoke against Baasa by Jehu the prophet,
verse value 3322
Insights
Verse structure: 13 words, 52 letters. Notable word values: "Hashem" (יְהֹוָה֙) = 26, the value of the divine name Hashem. The shortest word is "which" (אֲשֶׁ֣ר, 3 letters) and the longest is "against·Baasa" (אֶל־בַּעְשָׁ֔א, 6 letters). 2 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Kings. Unique to this verse in I Kings (hapax): "and·destroyed" (וַיַּשְׁמֵ֣ד), "all·house·of" (כׇּל־בֵּ֣ית). The root בעשא appears 2 times in this verse. 11 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "which" (root אשר, 375x in I Kings); "Hashem" (root יהוה, 254x in I Kings); "all·house·of" (root בית, 191x in I Kings). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'Baasa', dividing the verse into phrases of 5 and 8 words.
for all the sins of Baasa, and the sins of Elah his son, which they sinned, and wherewith they made Israel to sin, to provoke Hashem, the God of Israel, with their vanities.
verse value 4718
Insights
Verse structure: 16 words, 77 letters. Notable word values: "Elah" (אֵלָ֣ה) = 36, double chai. The shortest word is "for" (אֶ֚ל, 2 letters) and the longest is "all·sins" (כׇּל־חַטֹּ֣אות, 7 letters). 3 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Kings. Unique to this verse in I Kings (hapax): "all·sins" (כׇּל־חַטֹּ֣אות), "and·sins·of" (וְחַטֹּ֖אות), "caused·to·sin" (הֶחֱטִ֙יאוּ֙). The root חטאה appears 2 times in this verse. 13 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "which" (root אשר, 375x in I Kings); "Hashem" (root יהוה, 254x in I Kings); "Israel" (root ישראל, 120x in I Kings). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'his·son', dividing the verse into phrases of 6 and 10 words.
In the twenty and seventh year of Asa king of Judah did Zimri reign seven days in Tirzah. Now the people were encamped against Gibbethon, which belonged to the Philistines.
verse value 6414
Insights
Verse structure: 17 words, 73 letters. The shortest word is "year" (שָׁנָ֗ה, 3 letters) and the longest is "against·Gibbethon" (עַֽל־גִּבְּת֖וֹן, 7 letters). Words sharing gematria 90: king, he·reigned. 1 word in this verse appears nowhere else in I Kings. Unique to this verse in I Kings (hapax): "encamped" (חֹנִ֔ים). The root שנה appears 2 times in this verse. 14 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "which" (root אשר, 375x in I Kings); "king" (root מלך, 341x in I Kings); "against·Gibbethon" (root על, 127x in I Kings). First appearance of the root חנה ("encamped") in I Kings. The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'in·Tirzah', dividing the verse into phrases of 12 and 5 words.
Radak
"And the people encamped at Gibbethon." Nadav and Yisrael besieged Gibbethon but did not capture it, and now, in the days of Elah, they returned to besiege it.
Ralbag
And behold, King Zimri reigned for seven days, and during those days he walked in the sin of Jeroboam, and he died in his sin which he had committed. Immediately, the people anointed Omri as king, who had been the commander of the army over Israel. And even though a dispute concerning the kingship arose for him afterward on account of Tibni, son of Ginath, nevertheless, the kingship was attributed to Omri. He died in the thirty-eighth year of Asa, and that year was counted to him. For this reason it says, “Omri reigned twelve years.” From these twelve years, he reigned six full years in Tirzah. This is because in the thirty-first year of Asa, king of Judah, Tibni died, and Omri reigned over all Israel—that is to say, the ten tribes. And behold, the entire duration of his reign was twelve years, as we have mentioned. In Tirzah, he reigned six full years, which are the years from the end of the thirty-first year of Asa until the beginning of the thirty-eighth year.
Metzudat David
In the twenty-seventh year. For he reigned immediately when he killed Elah.
And the people encamped. When he was made king in Tirzah, the people were encamped at Gibbethon.
And the people that were encamped heard say: ‘Zimri has conspired, and has also smitten the king’; wherefore all Israel made Omri, the captain of the host, king over Israel that day in the camp.
verse value 5195
Insights
Verse structure: 17 words, 80 letters. The shortest word is "the·people" (הָעָם֙, 3 letters) and the longest is "all·Israel" (כׇֽל־יִ֠שְׂרָאֵ֠ל, 7 letters). 2 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Kings. Unique to this verse in I Kings (hapax): "encamped" (הַחֹנִ֣ים), "Omri" (אֶת־עׇמְרִ֨י). The root מלך appears 2 times in this verse. 16 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "the·king" (root מלך, 341x in I Kings); "saying" (root אמר, 324x in I Kings); "over·Israel" (root על, 127x in I Kings). First appearance of the root עמרי ("Omri") in I Kings. First appearance of the root מחנה ("in·the·camp") in I Kings. The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'the·king', dividing the verse into phrases of 9 and 8 words.
Radak
"And all Israel made him king." Those who were in the camp.
Metzudat David
All Israel. Those who were in the camp made Omri king; and they did not desire Zimri.
And Omri went up from Gibbethon, and all Israel with him, and they besieged Tirzah.
verse value 2762
Insights
Verse structure: 7 words, 37 letters. The shortest word is "with" (עִמּ֖וֹ, 3 letters) and the longest is "and·all·Israel" (וְכׇל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֥ל, 8 letters). 3 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Kings. Unique to this verse in I Kings (hapax): "from·Gibbethon" (מִֽגִּבְּת֑וֹן), "and·they·bound" (וַיָּצֻ֖רוּ), "against·Tirzah" (עַל־תִּרְצָֽה). 7 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "with" (root עם, 95x in I Kings); "and·all·Israel" (root כל, 86x in I Kings); "and·he·went·up" (root עלה, 60x in I Kings). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'from·Gibbethon', dividing the verse into phrases of 5 and 2 words. Full calculation: וַיַּעֲלֶ֥ה [and·he·went·up] (121) + עׇמְרִ֛י [Omri] (320) + וְכׇל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֥ל [and·all·Israel] (597) + עִמּ֖וֹ [with] (116) + מִֽגִּבְּת֑וֹן [from·Gibbethon] (501) + וַיָּצֻ֖רוּ [and·they·bound] (312) + עַל־תִּרְצָֽה [against·Tirzah] (795) = 2762.
And it came to pass, when Zimri saw that the city was taken, that he went into the castle of the king’s house, and burnt the king’s house over him with fire, and died;
verse value 4567
Insights
Verse structure: 13 words, 66 letters. The shortest word is "in·the·fire" (בָּאֵ֖שׁ, 3 letters) and the longest is "the·house·of·the·king" (אֶת־בֵּֽית־מֶ֛לֶךְ, 8 letters). 4 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Kings. Unique to this verse in I Kings (hapax): "that·was·taken" (כִּֽי־נִלְכְּדָ֣ה), "to·citadel·of" (אֶל־אַרְמ֣וֹן), "the·house·of·the·king" (בֵּית־הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ). The root בית appears 2 times in this verse. 12 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "and·it·was" (root היה, 196x in I Kings); "the·house·of·the·king" (root בית, 191x in I Kings); "over·him" (root על, 127x in I Kings). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'the·house·of·the·king', dividing the verse into phrases of 8 and 5 words. Full calculation: וַיְהִ֞י [and·it·was] (31) + כִּרְא֤וֹת [when·seeing] (627) + זִמְרִי֙ [Zimri] (257) + כִּֽי־נִלְכְּדָ֣ה [that·was·taken] (139) + הָעִ֔יר [the·city] (285) + וַיָּבֹ֖א [and·came] (19) + אֶל־אַרְמ֣וֹן [to·citadel·of] (328) + בֵּית־הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ [the·house·of·the·king] (507) + וַיִּשְׂרֹ֨ף [and·burned] (596) + עָלָ֧יו [over·him] (116) + אֶת־בֵּֽית־מֶ֛לֶךְ [the·house·of·the·king] (903) + בָּאֵ֖שׁ [in·the·fire] (303) + וַיָּמֹֽת [and·he·died] (456) = 4567.
Radak
"And he burned it over him." Omri burned the king's house over Zimri, in which Zimri had entrenched himself, and Zimri died.
“a king’s house.” It lacks the definite article *ha-* contrary to the usual custom, and since it was already mentioned, there was no need for the definite article *ha-* in it.
for his sins which he sinned in doing that which was evil in the sight of Hashem, in walking in the way of Jeroboam, and in his sin which he did, to make Israel to sin.
verse value 5643
Insights
Verse structure: 15 words, 70 letters. Notable word values: "sinned" (חָטָ֔א) = 18, chai, 'life'. The shortest word is "which" (אֲשֶׁ֣ר, 3 letters) and the longest is "for·his·sins" (עַל־חַטֹּאתָיו֙, 8 letters). Words sharing gematria 501: which, which. 2 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Kings. Unique to this verse in I Kings (hapax): "for·his·sins" (עַל־חַטֹּאתָיו֙), "to·make·to·sin" (לְהַחֲטִ֖יא). The root חטאה appears 2 times in this verse. 10 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "which" (root אשר, 375x in I Kings); "Hashem" (root יהוה, 254x in I Kings); "to·do" (root עשה, 143x in I Kings). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'Hashem', dividing the verse into phrases of 7 and 8 words.
Radak
"To lead Israel into sin." But did he not reign for only seven days, and that only at Tirtzah? What sin did he cause Israel to commit during those seven days? Rather, previously, when he was commander of half the chariots, he was leading Israel into sin. Likewise, what it states, "the rest of the acts of Zimri," is said with reference to the days when he was commander.
Metzudat David
That he sinned. While he was still commander of half the chariots, he sinned and caused those under his rule to sin.
Malbim
“Who has sinned to do and to go” – this means that he resolved in his heart to act and to proceed in this manner.
Now the rest of the acts of Zimri, and his treason that he wrought, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel?
verse value 4793
Insights
Verse structure: 13 words, 58 letters. The shortest word is "that" (אֲשֶׁ֣ר, 3 letters) and the longest is "written" (כְּתוּבִ֗ים, 6 letters). Words sharing gematria 216: words·of, words·of. 1 word in this verse appears nowhere else in I Kings. Unique to this verse in I Kings (hapax): "and·his·treason" (וְקִשְׁר֖וֹ). The root דבר appears 2 times in this verse. 11 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "that" (root אשר, 375x in I Kings); "of·the·kings·of" (root מלך, 341x in I Kings); "words·of" (root דבר, 191x in I Kings). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'bound', dividing the verse into phrases of 6 and 7 words. Full calculation: וְיֶ֙תֶר֙ [and·remainder·of] (616) + דִּבְרֵ֣י [words·of] (216) + זִמְרִ֔י [Zimri] (257) + וְקִשְׁר֖וֹ [and·his·treason] (612) + אֲשֶׁ֣ר [that] (501) + קָשָׁ֑ר [bound] (600) + הֲלֹא־הֵ֣ם [not·they] (81) + כְּתוּבִ֗ים [written] (478) + עַל־סֵ֛פֶר [in·book] (440) + דִּבְרֵ֥י [words·of] (216) + הַיָּמִ֖ים [day] (105) + לְמַלְכֵ֥י [of·the·kings·of] (130) + יִשְׂרָאֵֽל [Israel] (541) = 4793.
Then were the people of Israel divided into two parts: half of the people followed Tibni the son of Ginath, to make him king; and half followed Omri.
verse value 3188
Insights
Verse structure: 15 words, 61 letters. The shortest word is "then" (אָ֧ז, 2 letters) and the longest is "to·make·him·king" (לְהַמְלִיכ֔וֹ, 7 letters). Words sharing gematria 219: after, after. 4 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Kings. Unique to this verse in I Kings (hapax): "shall·be·apportioned" (יֵחָלֵ֛ק), "to·the·half" (לַחֵ֑צִי), "to·make·him·king" (לְהַמְלִיכ֔וֹ). The root חצי appears 3 times in this verse. 11 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "to·make·him·king" (root מלך, 341x in I Kings); "was" (root היה, 196x in I Kings); "Israel" (root ישראל, 120x in I Kings). First appearance of the root תבני ("Tibni") in I Kings. The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'to·the·half', dividing the verse into phrases of 5 and 10 words.
Radak
"Then the people of Israel were divided." [This is an instance of] a lacking construct state, like "ha'aron habrit" [lit. "the Ark, the Covenant" = the Ark of the Covenant], and it is written in Seder Olam how long this dispute lasted: four months.
Metzudat David
To half. To two halves.
Half the people. Those who were not in the camp; they were after Tibni.
Malbim
Then the people were divided: Initially, while Zimri was still alive, they united against Zimri; even those who had not desired Omri did not separate, so that Zimri would not gain the upper hand. But upon Zimri’s death, then the people were divided, etc.
But the people that followed Omri prevailed against the people that followed Tibni the son of Ginath; so Tibni died, and Omri reigned.
verse value 4843
Insights
Verse structure: 14 words, 58 letters. The shortest word is "the·people" (הָעָם֙, 3 letters) and the longest is "son·of·Ginath" (בֶן־גִּינַ֑ת, 6 letters). Words sharing gematria 501: that, that. The root אשר appears 2 times in this verse. 10 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "that" (root אשר, 375x in I Kings); "and·he·reigned" (root מלך, 341x in I Kings); "the·people" (root עם, 95x in I Kings). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'son·of·Ginath', dividing the verse into phrases of 10 and 4 words. Full calculation: וַיֶּחֱזַ֤ק [and·strengthened] (131) + הָעָם֙ [the·people] (115) + אֲשֶׁ֣ר [that] (501) + אַחֲרֵ֣י [after] (219) + עׇמְרִ֔י [Omri] (320) + אֶת־הָעָ֕ם [the·people] (516) + אֲשֶׁ֥ר [that] (501) + אַחֲרֵ֖י [after] (219) + תִּבְנִ֣י [Tibni] (462) + בֶן־גִּינַ֑ת [son·of·Ginath] (515) + וַיָּ֣מׇת [and·he·died] (456) + תִּבְנִ֔י [Tibni] (462) + וַיִּמְלֹ֖ךְ [and·he·reigned] (106) + עׇמְרִֽי [Omri] (320) = 4843.
Rashi
"And Tibni died." When Asa married Omri's daughter to his son Jehoshaphat, they killed Tibni, when they saw Omri's importance, in Seder Olam:
Radak
"And the people grew strong." They said: because he [Omri] became related by marriage to Jehoshaphat, he grew strong.
"the people." From the people. And similarly, "when I went out of the city."
"And Tivni died." He died a natural death. And since he died, Omri reigned without dispute. But in Seder Olam it says that they killed Tivni — since Asa gave Omri's daughter in marriage to Jehoshaphat, they killed Tivni.
Metzudat David
And Tibni died. In Seder Olam there is: since Asa gave Omri's daughter to Jehoshaphat his son as a wife, they killed Tibni.
In the thirty and first year of Asa king of Judah began Omri to reign over Israel, and reigned twelve years; six years reigned he in Tirzah.
verse value 6932
Insights
Verse structure: 16 words, 67 letters. The shortest word is "year" (שָׁנָ֗ה, 3 letters) and the longest is "over·Israel" (עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל, 7 letters). Words sharing gematria 355: year, year. 1 word in this verse appears nowhere else in I Kings. Unique to this verse in I Kings (hapax): "six·years" (שֵׁשׁ־שָׁנִֽים). The root שנה appears 4 times in this verse. 10 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "king" (root מלך, 341x in I Kings); "over·Israel" (root על, 127x in I Kings); "in·year·of" (root שנה, 72x in I Kings). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'year', dividing the verse into phrases of 13 and 3 words.
Rashi
"In the thirty-first year of the reign of Asa, etc., Omri reigned." This was a complete kingdom. And the dispute of Tibni lasted five years, from the twenty-seventh year of Asa until the thirty-first year.
"Twelve years." In total, five years in dispute and seven years of complete kingship; and one cannot say that there were twelve years of complete kingship, for his son Ahab reigned in the thirty-eighth year of Asa.
"In Tirzah he reigned six years." [This refers to the period] before he built Samaria.
Radak
"In the thirty-first year." But did Zimri not reign in the twenty-seventh year of Asa? Yet he did not reign except for seven days, and Omri reigned. However, because of the dispute with Tibni, he did not reign a complete kingship. And in the thirty-first year of Asa, Tibni died, and Omri reigned a complete kingship. And the total of the days of his kingship is twelve years. Behold, seven years he reigned a complete kingship, for in the thirty-eighth year of Asa his son Ahab reigned. From the thirty-first year to the thirty-eighth year is seven years, and the six years that he reigned in Tirzah until the dispute with Tibni—this makes thirteen years. And the Scripture says "twelve years." The thirteenth year was not completed for him, and he did not count it for him.
Metzudat David
Thirty-one. Although Zimri reigned in the 27th year to Asa, and was killed after seven days, and immediately Omri reigned -- nevertheless since half the people were after Tibni, Omri's kingship was not a complete kingship, until Tibni was killed in the 31st year to Asa. For then he reigned over all Israel.
Twelve years. And they were partial. And he counts from the time he was made king by the people that were in the camp; and he reigned then five years with Tibni together, and seven years after Tibni died. And since in the end he reigned over all Israel, he returned to count to his kingship also those five years.
And he bought the hill Samaria of Shemer for two talents of silver; and he built on the hill, and called the name of the city which he built, after the name of Shemer, the owner of the hill, Samaria.
verse value 7237
Insights
Verse structure: 19 words, 76 letters. The shortest word is "after" (עַ֣ל, 2 letters) and the longest is "in·talents" (בְּכִכְּרַ֣יִם, 6 letters). Words sharing gematria 611: the·hill, the·hill. 4 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Kings. Unique to this verse in I Kings (hapax): "and·bought" (וַיִּ֜קֶן), "in·talents" (בְּכִכְּרַ֣יִם), "name·of·Shemer" (שֶׁם־שֶׁ֔מֶר). The root שמרון appears 2 times in this verse. 14 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "which" (root אשר, 375x in I Kings); "after" (root על, 127x in I Kings); "and·he·built" (root בנה, 66x in I Kings). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'silver', dividing the verse into phrases of 7 and 12 words.
Radak
"Mount Samaria" [lit. "the hill, Samaria"]. Like "the people, Israel." And the Targum renders "the hill" as "the walled city"; it appears from his words that a large fortified city had been there originally, but Omri strengthened the construction and named the city Samaria, after Shemer, the owner of the hill — [hence] "Samaria."
Ralbag
"And he bought the hill of Samaria." This means the hill upon which he built the city of Samaria. And since the master of that hill was named Shemer, he called the name of the city Samaria. And this is a proof that there was already a city there named Samaria prior to this, but now Omri built it.
Metzudat David
And he bought. In the seventh year of his kingship.
The hill of Samaria. By the name of its end he said; for he called it Shomron.
And he built. To be for him a city of kingship to dwell in it.
Metzudat Zion
Shamar. A man's name:
Malbim
"And he called the name of the city after the name of Shemer" indicates the distinction between Jerusalem, which is called "Zichron Yirah" (a memorial of awe) and "Shlemut" (perfection), and between Samaria, which is named after a worthless man.
And Omri did that which was evil in the sight of Hashem, and dealt wickedly above all that were before him.
verse value 2207
Insights
Verse structure: 9 words, 36 letters. Notable word values: "Hashem" (יְהֹוָ֑ה) = 26, the value of the divine name Hashem. The shortest word is "the·evil" (הָרַ֖ע, 3 letters) and the longest is "and·did" (וַיַּעֲשֶׂ֥ה, 5 letters). 2 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Kings. Unique to this verse in I Kings (hapax): "and·did" (וַיַּעֲשֶׂ֥ה), "and·did·evil" (וַיָּ֕רַע). 9 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "that" (root אשר, 375x in I Kings); "Hashem" (root יהוה, 254x in I Kings); "and·did" (root עשה, 143x in I Kings). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'Hashem', dividing the verse into phrases of 5 and 4 words. Full calculation: וַיַּעֲשֶׂ֥ה [and·did] (391) + עׇמְרִ֛י [Omri] (320) + הָרַ֖ע [the·evil] (275) + בְּעֵינֵ֣י [in·eyes·of] (142) + יְהֹוָ֑ה [Hashem] (26) + וַיָּ֕רַע [and·did·evil] (286) + מִכֹּ֖ל [from·all] (90) + אֲשֶׁ֥ר [that] (501) + לְפָנָֽיו [to·his·face] (176) = 2207.
Ralbag
"And he did evil more than all who were before him." It appears that he walked in the sin of Jeroboam, as is recounted, and furthermore added other sins. It is also possible that the statement that he did evil more than all who were before him is due to his following in all the sins of Jeroboam, for he ought to have accepted reproof because of what he saw happen to the house of Baasha and the house of Jeroboam. And since he did not accept any reproof at all, for this reason, to awaken him slightly from the sin of Jeroboam, it is fitting to say that he did evil more than all who were before him. And it testifies that the matter is indeed so because of His saying, "And he walked in all the way of Jeroboam the son of Nebat."
Malbim
(25-26) “And he did evil…” and “and he went…”, meaning that he did evil with new idols that had not been before him, apart from the fact that he also did not abandon the way of Jeroboam.
For he walked in all the way of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, and in his sins wherewith he made Israel to sin, to provoke Hashem, the God of Israel, with their vanities.
verse value 4430
Insights
Verse structure: 14 words, 78 letters. The shortest word is "wherewith" (אֲשֶׁ֥ר, 3 letters) and the longest is "and·in·his·sins" ((ובחטאתיו), 8 letters). 1 word in this verse appears nowhere else in I Kings. Unique to this verse in I Kings (hapax): "and·in·his·sins" ((ובחטאתיו)). 13 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "wherewith" (root אשר, 375x in I Kings); "Hashem" (root יהוה, 254x in I Kings); "Israel" (root ישראל, 120x in I Kings). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'Israel', dividing the verse into phrases of 9 and 5 words. Full calculation: וַיֵּ֗לֶךְ [and·went] (66) + בְּכׇל־דֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ [in·all·way·of] (276) + יָרׇבְעָ֣ם [Jeroboam] (322) + בֶּן־נְבָ֔ט [son·of·Nebat] (113) + (ובחטאתיו) [and·in·his·sins] (442) + וּ֨בְחַטָּאת֔וֹ [and·in·his·purgation·offering] (432) + אֲשֶׁ֥ר [wherewith] (501) + הֶחֱטִ֖יא [he·made·to·sin] (33) + אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל [Israel] (942) + לְהַכְעִ֗יס [to·provoke] (195) + אֶת־יְהֹוָ֛ה [Hashem] (427) + אֱלֹהֵ֥י [God·of] (46) + יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל [Israel] (541) + בְּהַבְלֵיהֶֽם [with·their·vanities] (94) = 4430.
Radak
"And in his sins." It is written [thus], meaning: the many sins that he committed; yet it is read as "in his sin," in the singular, meaning: the sin of the calves.
Now the rest of the acts of Omri which he did, and his might that he showed, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel?
verse value 5518
Insights
Verse structure: 15 words, 66 letters. The shortest word is "which" (אֲשֶׁ֣ר, 3 letters) and the longest is "and·his·might" (וּגְבוּרָת֖וֹ, 7 letters). Words sharing gematria 501: which, that. The root דבר appears 2 times in this verse. 11 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "which" (root אשר, 375x in I Kings); "of·the·kings·of" (root מלך, 341x in I Kings); "words·of" (root דבר, 191x in I Kings). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'did', dividing the verse into phrases of 8 and 7 words.
And Omri slept with his fathers, and was buried in Samaria; and Ahab his son reigned in his stead.
verse value 3103
Insights
Verse structure: 9 words, 44 letters. The shortest word is "his·son" (בְּנ֖וֹ, 3 letters) and the longest is "with·his·fathers" (עִם־אֲבֹתָ֔יו, 7 letters). 9 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "and·he·reigned" (root מלך, 341x in I Kings); "with·his·fathers" (root עם, 95x in I Kings); "his·son" (root בן, 72x in I Kings). First appearance of the root אחאב ("Ahab") in I Kings. The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'in·Samaria', dividing the verse into phrases of 5 and 4 words. Full calculation: וַיִּשְׁכַּ֤ב [and·he·slept] (338) + עׇמְרִי֙ [Omri] (320) + עִם־אֲבֹתָ֔יו [with·his·fathers] (529) + וַיִּקָּבֵ֖ר [and·he·was·buried] (318) + בְּשֹׁמְר֑וֹן [in·Samaria] (598) + וַיִּמְלֹ֛ךְ [and·he·reigned] (106) + אַחְאָ֥ב [Ahab] (12) + בְּנ֖וֹ [his·son] (58) + תַּחְתָּֽיו [in·his·place] (824) = 3103.
And in the thirty and eighth year of Asa king of Judah began Ahab the son of Omri to reign over Israel; and Ahab the son of Omri reigned over Israel in Samaria twenty and two years.
verse value 6981
Insights
Verse structure: 19 words, 91 letters. Notable word values: "and·Ahab" (וְאַחְאָ֣ב) = 18, chai, 'life'. Verse gematria: 6981 is divisible by 13, the value of echad ('one') and ahavah ('love'). The shortest word is "he·reigned" (מָלַךְ֙, 3 letters) and the longest is "over·Israel" (עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל, 7 letters). Words sharing gematria 641: over·Israel, over·Israel. 2 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Kings. Unique to this verse in I Kings (hapax): "and·Ahab" (וְאַחְאָ֣ב), "eight" (וּשְׁמֹנֶה֙). The root מלך appears 3 times in this verse. 11 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "he·reigned" (root מלך, 341x in I Kings); "over·Israel" (root על, 127x in I Kings); "in·year·of" (root שנה, 72x in I Kings). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'Judah', dividing the verse into phrases of 11 and 8 words.
Metzudat David
Thirty-eight. For Omri reigned immediately when Zimri died in the 27th year to Asa; and the days of his kingship were twelve years. And he died and immediately Ahab reigned; behold 38 to Asa.
Twenty, etc. They were partial.
And Ahab the son of Omri did that which was evil in the sight of Hashem above all that were before him.
verse value 1980
Insights
Verse structure: 9 words, 37 letters. Notable word values: "Hashem" (יְהֹוָ֑ה) = 26, the value of the divine name Hashem. Verse gematria: 1980 is divisible by 18, the value of chai ('life'). The shortest word is "the·evil" (הָרַ֖ע, 3 letters) and the longest is "son·of·Omri" (בֶּן־עׇמְרִ֛י, 6 letters). 9 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "that" (root אשר, 375x in I Kings); "Hashem" (root יהוה, 254x in I Kings); "and·did" (root עשה, 143x in I Kings). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'Hashem', dividing the verse into phrases of 6 and 3 words. Full calculation: וַיַּ֨עַשׂ [and·did] (386) + אַחְאָ֧ב [Ahab] (12) + בֶּן־עׇמְרִ֛י [son·of·Omri] (372) + הָרַ֖ע [the·evil] (275) + בְּעֵינֵ֣י [in·eyes·of] (142) + יְהֹוָ֑ה [Hashem] (26) + מִכֹּ֖ל [from·all] (90) + אֲשֶׁ֥ר [that] (501) + לְפָנָֽיו [to·his·face] (176) = 1980.
And it came to pass, as if it had been a light thing for him to walk in the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, that he took to wife Jezebel the daughter of Ethbaal king of the Zidonians, and went and served Baal, and worshipped him.
verse value 5045
Insights
Verse structure: 17 words, 81 letters. Notable word values: "to·him" (לֽוֹ) = 36, double chai. The shortest word is "to·him" (לֽוֹ, 2 letters) and the longest is "Jezebel" (אֶת־אִיזֶ֗בֶל, 7 letters). 5 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Kings. Unique to this verse in I Kings (hapax): "was·it·a·light·thing" (הֲנָקֵ֣ל), "his·walking" (לֶכְתּ֔וֹ), "in·sins·of" (בְּחַטֹּ֖אות). The root הלך appears 2 times in this verse. 15 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "king" (root מלך, 341x in I Kings); "and·it·was" (root היה, 196x in I Kings); "his·walking" (root הלך, 115x in I Kings). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'son·of·Nebat', dividing the verse into phrases of 6 and 11 words.
Rashi
"And he served Baal." This adds to the calves of Jeroboam:
Radak
"Was it a light thing for him to walk." If it was easy in his eyes to walk in the sin of Jeroboam, namely the calves, so he demonstrated through his deeds that those sins were easy in his eyes. He took a wife from the nations of the lands to sin further and to serve Baal, whom they were serving there. This is what it says: "And he went and served." He went there to Sidon and served Baal, whom they were serving there, and bowed down to him, meaning that he accepted him as a god. And he did likewise in Samaria: he built for him a house and called it the House of Baal, and he erected for him there an altar.
Ralbag
“And it was a light thing for him to walk in the sins of Jeroboam.” This means that the sins of Jeroboam were considered light and easy in his eyes; yet he added to these sins and took as a wife Jezebel, who was the daughter of Ethbaal, king of the Sidonians. Now, it is possible that the name of that king was Ethbaal, or perhaps the intention here is “the daughter of Ethbaal, daughter of the king of the Sidonians,” and the word “daughter” is drawn out to include another meaning with it, namely, that he married her while she was still a daughter of Ethbaal, who was the god of the Sidonians. The intent is that she had not converted, as they said, “And he took as a wife the daughter of a foreign god.” And this was not enough for him, but he also went and served the Baal whom Jezebel worshipped, and bowed down to him. After this, he built an altar for Baal in the temple of Baal that he had built in Samaria, and he also made an Asherah for Baal. Furthermore, Ahab did all this to add to provoking the Lord, the God of Israel, more than all the kings of Israel who were before him.
Metzudat David
And it was the lightest. The lightest of his deeds was to walk in the sins of Jeroboam; for he sinned even more than he.
Malbim
(31-33) “And he took for himself Jezebel as wife, the daughter of Ethbaal, king of the Sidonians; and Ahab went and served Baal, and he worshipped him. And Ahab erected an altar for Baal in the house of Baal which he built in Samaria. And Ahab made the Asherah.” After careful examination, I have seen that the service of Baal was worse than the matter of the Asherah. For in the service of Baal they sacrificed their sons and defiled themselves greatly. But the Asherahs were also planted near the high places where they offered sacrifices to the Lord, as it is stated, “You shall not plant for yourself an Asherah of any kind of tree near the altar of the Lord your God.” And you will see that Elijah, although he gathered together the prophets of Baal and the prophets of the Asherah, only disputed with the prophets of Baal, and only them did he kill, not the prophets of the Asherah. Likewise, the house of Jehu, which abolished Baal, left the Asherah, as it is stated later (2 Kings 13:6). And this is what the verse means: that what he did in serving Baal was because he took for himself Jezebel as wife, the daughter of Ethbaal, whose father was a worshipper of Baal, and she incited him to Baal. But the Asherah he made on his own accord. And this is the meaning of “And Ahab made the Asherah,” namely, of his own free will. And likewise, what he added to provoke [God] to anger was of his own free will. And on this point the name Ahab is repeated twice there.
And he reared up an altar for Baal in the house of Baal, which he had built in Samaria.
verse value 2020
Insights
Verse structure: 8 words, 31 letters. The shortest word is "house·of" (בֵּ֣ית, 3 letters) and the longest is "in·Samaria" (בְּשֹׁמְרֽוֹן, 6 letters). Words sharing gematria 57: altar, he·built. The root בעל appears 2 times in this verse. 7 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "which" (root אשר, 375x in I Kings); "house·of" (root בית, 191x in I Kings); "he·built" (root בנה, 66x in I Kings). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'for·Baal', dividing the verse into phrases of 3 and 5 words. Full calculation: וַיָּ֥קֶם [and·erected] (156) + מִזְבֵּ֖חַ [altar] (57) + לַבָּ֑עַל [for·Baal] (132) + בֵּ֣ית [house·of] (412) + הַבַּ֔עַל [Baal] (107) + אֲשֶׁ֥ר [which] (501) + בָּנָ֖ה [he·built] (57) + בְּשֹׁמְרֽוֹן [in·Samaria] (598) = 2020.
Radak
"The House of Baal." The prepositional bet is missing (i.e., we would expect "in the house of Baal"), and so too is found the phrase "Beit ha-Shem" (the House of the Name), which is equivalent to "be-Beit ha-Shem" (in the House of the Name), and other similar cases that we have written in the book Mikhlol, in the section on grammar.
And Ahab made the Asherah; and Ahab did yet more to provoke Hashem, the God of Israel, than all the kings of Israel that were before him.
verse value 4928
Insights
Verse structure: 16 words, 73 letters. The shortest word is "from·all" (מִכֹּל֙, 3 letters) and the longest is "the·Asherah" (אֶת־הָאֲשֵׁרָ֑ה, 7 letters). Words sharing gematria 541: Israel, Israel. 2 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Kings. Unique to this verse in I Kings (hapax): "the·Asherah" (אֶת־הָאֲשֵׁרָ֑ה), "and·he·continued" (וַיּ֨וֹסֶף). The root עשה appears 2 times in this verse. 13 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "that" (root אשר, 375x in I Kings); "kings·of" (root מלך, 341x in I Kings); "Hashem" (root יהוה, 254x in I Kings). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'the·Asherah', dividing the verse into phrases of 3 and 13 words.
Rashi
An asherah: A tree that is worshipped.
Radak
"And Ahab made..." He added yet another sin, planting an Asherah to worship it, in addition to the Baal that he had already made. When they inquired about the meaning of "And Ahab made the Asherah," Rabbi Yochanan said: He wrote on the gates of Samaria, "Ahab denies the God of Israel; let him have no portion in the God of Israel."
In his days did Hiel the Bethelite build Jericho; with Abiram his first-born he laid the foundation thereof, and with his youngest son Segub he set up the gates thereof; according to the word of Hashem, which He spoke by the hand of Joshua the son of Nun.
verse value 4926
Insights
Verse structure: 21 words, 93 letters. Notable word values: "Hashem" (יְהֹוָ֔ה) = 26, the value of the divine name Hashem. The shortest word is "he·built" (בָּנָ֥ה, 3 letters) and the longest is "Jericho" (אֶת־יְרִיחֹ֑ה, 7 letters). 13 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Kings. Unique to this verse in I Kings (hapax): "Hiel" (חִיאֵ֛ל), "the·Bethelite" (הָאֱלִ֖י), "Jericho" (אֶת־יְרִיחֹ֑ה). The root דבר appears 2 times in this verse. 19 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "which" (root אשר, 375x in I Kings); "Hashem" (root יהוה, 254x in I Kings); "Beth-" (root בית, 191x in I Kings). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'Jericho', dividing the verse into phrases of 6 and 15 words.
Rashi
Hiel Beit HaEli. Hiel who was from Beth-El, like (I Samuel 16:1): "Jesse the Bethlehemite" [Yishai Beit HaLachmi]. And it is not said "HaBeit Lachmi"; and likewise "Joshua the Beth-shemite" [Beit HaShimshi], in the Book of Samuel (I Samuel 6:14), and not "HaBeit Shimshi"; and likewise "in Ophrah of the Abiezrite" (Judges 6:11), and it is not said "HaAvi Ezri." And there are those who explain: "Beit HaEli," because he took upon himself the curses of Joshua (Joshua 6:26): "Cursed be the man who rises and builds..." Our Sages said (Jerusalem Talmud, Sanhedrin 10:2): Hiel was of [the tribe of] Benjamin, and Jericho was [in the territory] of Jehoshaphat (Benjamin); and why was [the curse] attributed to Ahab? Because they attribute the curse to the corrupt one [other manuscripts: to the cursed one].
“With his firstborn he laid its foundation.” When he laid its foundation, his son, his firstborn, died. He buried him and went on to bury all his sons, until the last one died at the setting up of the doors. And so it is with the curses of Joshua (ibid.): “With his firstborn he laid its foundation, and with his youngest he set up its doors.”
Radak
Hiel the Bethelite. He was from Beth El, just as "the Bethlehemite" derives from Beth Lehem, [and] "the Beth-shemeshite" from Beth Shemesh. He lived under the rule of Ahab and performed this deed, and Ahab did not protest against him — so wicked was Ahab in his ways. Until his days, no one had ever entertained the thought of rebuilding Jericho, because of the oath that Joshua had sworn: "Cursed be the man who rises and builds this city," etc. And it is a wonder, for Jericho belonged to the king of Judah, though it was from the tribe of Benjamin — how then did Jehoshaphat give permission to build it? We find in the Jerusalem Talmud: "Hiel [received permission] from Jehoshaphat; Jericho belongs to Benjamin" — but merit is brought about through one who is meritorious, and liability through one who is liable. After it was rebuilt, its habitation was not forbidden, for the ban was only that it should not be built, like a condemned city; and the one who builds it transgresses the ban and is punished, as Joshua had said. And the Targum [renders] "the Bethelite" as "house of defect," meaning that he transgressed the oath that Joshua had sworn — and for this reason he was called "the Bethelite," not that he was actually from Bethel. And in the words of our Sages of blessed memory, he is called "the Bethelite" because he transgressed the oath that Joshua stated: "Cursed be the man," etc.
Jericho. It is written with a he and read with a vav, like "ohelah" and its like.
“With Abiram his firstborn he founded it.” And he died, and likewise all his sons died. And at the time he set up its doors, Segub his youngest son was still alive, and [then] he died. And the Targum: “He killed Abiram his firstborn when he began to build it, and he killed Segub his youngest son when he set up its doors.”
And [as for] "uvisgiv" [Segub]: it is written with a yod and read with a vav, just as "pe'i" is written and "pe'u" is read, [and] "alin" is written and "alon" is read — for the letters alef, heh, vav, and yod are interchangeable.
Ralbag
In his days, Chiel the Bethelite rebuilt Jericho. This means that in his days, Chiel, who was from Bethel, rebuilt Jericho, and the curse that Joshua had pronounced concerning the rebuilding of Jericho was fulfilled: for when he laid its foundation, his firstborn son Abiram died, and all his sons died until his youngest son died when he set up its gates. And although Ahab heard of this, he did not awaken to fear the Lord, but rather persisted in his sins.
Metzudat David
The Bethelite. From Bethel; like (I Samuel 16:1): 'the Bethlehemite.' And he means: from Bethlehem.
In Abiram his firstborn he laid the foundation. Meaning: at the time he laid the foundation, Abiram his firstborn died; and the rest of his sons died during the building; and at the time he erected the doors, Segub his youngest died.
According to the word of the Lord , etc. That Joshua said before the Lord (Joshua 6:26): 'Cursed be the man and etc. in his firstborn he shall lay the foundation and in his youngest he shall set up its gates.' [And although Jericho was in the border of Benjamin from the kingdom of Judah, he said 'in his days' and attributed it to him; to say that all this he saw and did not take a lesson.]
Metzudat Zion
Tzearo. His youngest son:
Malbim
In his days, Hiel of Bethel rebuilt Jericho. Until now, even though they had served the calves, they had not yet become fully heretical regarding all the roots of the faith, and they were still in fear of the oath and the curse of Joshua. But now, when they saw that Ahab was committing all the abominations and the LORD was not punishing him, they denied Divine providence and prophecy, and they did not heed Joshua's curse. Therefore, he rebuilt Jericho. And although he saw that Joshua's curse had been fulfilled in his son Abiram, he did not pay attention to this either, and attributed it to chance, until with Segub his youngest son he set up its gates. And this matter serves as an introduction to the narrative that follows it, concerning Elijah.
Metzudat Zion