'Then all Israel gathered themselves to David to Hebron, saying: Behold, we are your bone and your flesh' — and he is anointed 'according to the word of Hashem by the hand of Samuel.' Jerusalem is taken, Joab going up first; 'And David waxed greater and greater; for Hashem of hosts was with him.' Then the roll of the mighty men: Jashobeam and his spear against three hundred; Eleazar holding the barley plot; and the three who hear David’s longing — 'Oh that one would give me water to drink of the well of Beth-lehem, which is by the gate!' — break through the Philistine host, and carry the water back. David will not drink it, but pours it out to Hashem: 'shall I drink the blood of these men who have put their lives in jeopardy?' Abishai, chief of the three; Benaiah, who slew a lion in a pit on a snowy day; and the long honor-roll of the thirty.
Tap any Hebrew word to reveal its root, value, and meanings.
Then all Israel gathered themselves to David to Hebron, saying: ‘Behold, we are your bone and your flesh.
verse value 2325
Insights
Verse structure: 9 words, 46 letters. The shortest word is "behold" (הִנֵּ֛ה, 3 letters) and the longest is "all·Israel" (כׇֽל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל, 7 letters). Words sharing gematria 271: to·Hebron, saying. 2 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "your·bone" (עַצְמְךָ֥), "and·your·flesh" (וּֽבְשָׂרְךָ֖). 9 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "to·David" (root דוד, 182x in I Chronicles); "all·Israel" (root כל, 81x in I Chronicles); "saying" (root אמר, 73x in I Chronicles). First appearance of the root קבץ ("and·they·gathered·themselves") in I Chronicles. First appearance of the root אנחנו ("we") in I Chronicles. The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'saying', dividing the verse into phrases of 5 and 4 words. Full calculation: וַיִּקָּבְצ֧וּ [and·they·gathered·themselves] (214) + כׇֽל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל [all·Israel] (591) + אֶל־דָּוִ֖יד [to·David] (55) + חֶבְר֣וֹנָה [to·Hebron] (271) + לֵאמֹ֑ר [saying] (271) + הִנֵּ֛ה [behold] (60) + עַצְמְךָ֥ [your·bone] (220) + וּֽבְשָׂרְךָ֖ [and·your·flesh] (528) + אֲנָֽחְנוּ [we] (115) = 2325.
Ralbag
'Then all Israel gathered themselves to David to Hebron,' etc. — Through 'Solomon the son of David strengthened himself over the kingdom' (below, II Chronicles 1:1), we found it fitting to state here that it is not our intention to go back and explain in this book what we have already explained in the Book of Samuel and Kings, nor to go back and enumerate the benefits [to be derived] from them. Rather, we will explain only what is new in this book by itself, or where the wording or the substance has changed, and we will resolve any doubt, should you find in it a contradiction to what is stated in the Book of Samuel or Kings.
Metzudat David
'To Hebron' — after he had already reigned in Hebron over Judah. 'Your bone and your flesh' — like all the House of Judah, for we are all children of one man.
Malbim
'gathered themselves' — Ezra skipped the entire account of the crowning of Ish-bosheth, and of David reigning during those years over Judah alone, for he comes only to magnify David's stature, and the essence of his account concerns the kingship over the nation as a whole, when the words of Samuel were fulfilled. As for the statement "all Israel gathered" — first the people of Israel themselves came, as is recounted in chapter 12 (from verse 23 onward), and after that the elders — that is, the Sanhedrin — came to anoint him, for the crowning of a king requires the [participation of the] elders of the congregation; and it says that this was also by [the word of] a prophet, according to the word of Hashem by the hand of Samuel. And what is said to him, "Behold, we are your bone and your flesh," etc., is explained in my commentary (II Samuel 5:1-3).
In times past, even when Saul was king, it was you who led out and brought in Israel; and Hashem your God said to you: You shall feed My people Israel, and you shall be prince over My people Israel.’
verse value 8298
Insights
Verse structure: 24 words, 106 letters. Notable word values: "Hashem" (יְהֹוָ֨ה) = 26, the value of the divine name Hashem. Verse gematria: 8298 is divisible by 18, the value of chai ('life'). The shortest word is "also" (גַּ֚ם, 2 letters) and the longest is "also·day·before·yesterday" (גַּם־שִׁלְשׁ֗וֹם, 7 letters). Words sharing gematria 942: Israel, Israel. 8 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "also·yesterday" (גַּם־תְּמ֣וֹל), "also·day·before·yesterday" (גַּם־שִׁלְשׁ֗וֹם), "also" (גַּ֚ם). The root אתה appears 3 times in this verse. 18 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "Hashem" (root יהוה, 175x in I Chronicles); "your·God" (root אלהים, 117x in I Chronicles); "in·being" (root היה, 104x in I Chronicles). First appearance of the root גם ("also") in I Chronicles. First appearance of the root אתה ("you") in I Chronicles. The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'Israel', dividing the verse into phrases of 10 and 14 words.
Rashi
You shall shepherd My people Concerning this, David said, (Ps. 23:1): “The Lord is my Shepherd, I shall not want.” “You say to me: You shall shepherd. How can I shepherd? The matter does not depend on me, but the Lord is my Shepherd, I shall not want, and I, too, shall not be wanting to you.” A similar instance is found in Samuel (II 21:17): “Then the men of David swore to him, saying, ‘You shall no longer go out with us in battle, so that you extinguish not the lamp of Israel.’” David replied (ibid. 22:29): “For You are my lamp, O Lord; and the Lord does light my darkness.”
Metzudat David
'It was you who led out' — it was as if they were saying: the love of the House of Judah for you should not exceed our own, just because you reigned over them first, for you ruled over us too from that time. '[Led out and brought in] Israel' — if so, it is upon you to shepherd all of Israel, both alike, equally.
Metzudat Zion
In times past (shilshom) - The third day counting from today.
So all the elders of Israel came to the king to Hebron; and David made a covenant with them in Hebron before Hashem; and they anointed David king over Israel, according to the word of Hashem by the hand of Samuel.
verse value 5192
Insights
Verse structure: 19 words, 97 letters. Notable word values: "Hashem" (יְהֹוָ֑ה) = 26, the value of the divine name Hashem. The shortest word is "to·them" (לָהֶ֨ם, 3 letters) and the longest is "by·hand·of·Samuel" (בְּיַד־שְׁמוּאֵֽל, 8 letters). Words sharing gematria 26: Hashem, Hashem. 3 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "all·elders·of" (כׇּל־זִקְנֵ֨י), "to·the·king" (אֶל־הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙), "by·hand·of·Samuel" (בְּיַד־שְׁמוּאֵֽל). The root ישראל appears 2 times in this verse. 14 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "David" (root דוד, 182x in I Chronicles); "Hashem" (root יהוה, 175x in I Chronicles); "Israel" (root ישראל, 94x in I Chronicles). First appearance of the root זקן ("all·elders·of") in I Chronicles. First appearance of the root כרת ("and·he·cut") in I Chronicles. The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'Hashem', dividing the verse into phrases of 12 and 7 words.
Rashi
and David made with them a covenant Like the covenant that Jehoiada made, as it is written (II Kings 11:17): “And Jehoiada enacted the covenant between the Lord and between the king and between the people, to be the people of the Lord.” The meaning is [that they agreed] to be servants of the Lord, and also “between the king and between the people,” to be his servants according to the king’s judgment, and also that the king should do according to the law for his servants; to wage their wars. before the Lord But is it not so that the Tabernacle was not in Hebron? What then is the meaning of “before the Lord”? Wherever people make a stipulation or enact a covenant, the Omnipresent is there. A similar instance [is found] in [the case of] Jephthah: (Jud. 11:11): “before the Lord in Mizpah.” [Another] similar instance (Lev. 5:21): “and commits an act of treachery against the Lord by making a denial to his neighbor,” as is explained in Torath Kohanim (ad loc.).
Metzudat David
'All the elders of Israel' — who held the power to make him king. 'And [David] made [a covenant]' — to be a loyal ally to them, just as he was to the House of Judah. 'Before Hashem' — before the Ark of Hashem, for they had brought it there for the occasion.
And David and all Israel went to Jerusalem—the same is Jebus—and the Jebusites, the inhabitants of the land, were there.
verse value 2424
Insights
Verse structure: 10 words, 46 letters. The shortest word is "she" (הִ֣יא, 3 letters) and the longest is "and·all·Israel" (וְכׇל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל, 8 letters). 10 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "David" (root דוד, 182x in I Chronicles); "and·all·Israel" (root כל, 81x in I Chronicles); "and·there" (root שם, 67x in I Chronicles). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'Jebus', dividing the verse into phrases of 6 and 4 words. Full calculation: וַיֵּ֨לֶךְ [and·he·went] (66) + דָּוִ֧יד [David] (24) + וְכׇל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל [and·all·Israel] (597) + יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם [Jerusalem] (586) + הִ֣יא [she] (16) + יְב֑וּס [Jebus] (78) + וְשָׁם֙ [and·there] (346) + הַיְבוּסִ֔י [the·Jebusites] (93) + יֹשְׁבֵ֖י [dwellers·of] (322) + הָאָֽרֶץ [the·land] (296) = 2424.
Rashi
And David... went, etc. He went immediately to war when all Israel crowned him, so that Israel should not say [that in] all the wars that David waged in the days of Saul and was victorious it was Saul’s luck, and that he was now afraid to fight. Therefore he immediately went to war.
Metzudat David
'Jerusalem' — to Jerusalem, to make war upon it. 'And the Jebusites…were there' — for the men of Judah and the men of Benjamin had not driven them out since then.
Malbim
'And David ... went' — I have already explained that since the tribe of Judah and the tribe of Benjamin were now united into a single kingdom, he wanted the royal city to be shared by both tribes; and Jerusalem was half in Judah and half in Benjamin. Therefore he went to capture Jerusalem, in order to make it his royal city.
And the inhabitants of Jebus said to David: ‘You shall not come in here.’ Nevertheless David took the stronghold of Zion; the same is the city of David.
verse value 2722
Insights
Verse structure: 14 words, 57 letters. The shortest word is "not" (לֹ֥א, 2 letters) and the longest is "and·they·said" (וַיֹּ֨אמְר֜וּ, 6 letters). Words sharing gematria 24: David, David. 3 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "you·shall·come" (תָב֖וֹא), "stronghold·of" (אֶת־מְצֻדַ֣ת), "Zion" (צִיּ֔וֹן). The root דוד appears 3 times in this verse. 12 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "to·David" (root דוד, 182x in I Chronicles); "and·they·said" (root אמר, 73x in I Chronicles); "you·shall·come" (root בוא, 62x in I Chronicles). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'here', dividing the verse into phrases of 7 and 7 words. Full calculation: וַיֹּ֨אמְר֜וּ [and·they·said] (263) + יֹשְׁבֵ֤י [dwellers·of] (322) + יְבוּס֙ [Jebus] (78) + לְדָוִ֔יד [to·David] (54) + לֹ֥א [not] (31) + תָב֖וֹא [you·shall·come] (409) + הֵ֑נָּה [here] (60) + וַיִּלְכֹּ֤ד [and·he·captured] (70) + דָּוִיד֙ [David] (24) + אֶת־מְצֻדַ֣ת [stronghold·of] (935) + צִיּ֔וֹן [Zion] (156) + הִ֖יא [she] (16) + עִ֥יר [city] (280) + דָּוִֽיד [David] (24) = 2722.
Rashi
And the inhabitants of Jebus said to David, “You shall not come here” He does not explain here why, but in Samuel (II 5:6), Scripture explains: “... and they said to David, saying: You shall not come here unless you remove the blind and the lame.” They saw that they were unable to withstand David. They therefore stationed blind and lame persons before the city gate, “as if to say: David shall not come here,” unless he wages war with these blind people, for they knew that it is disgraceful for a king to wage war against blind men, and because of this, he would turn back and not wage war with them. David said to himself, however, “It is true that it is neither right nor proper for me to wage war with the blind and with the lame, but ‘whoever smites the Jebusites’ in a way that he ‘reaches the tower’ shall pull them and cast them away from there, viz. the blind.” “Therefore they say: The blind and the lame shall not come into the house;” into the house of David, because it will be a disgrace for him, lest they say that David waged war with these [handicapped people].
Ralbag
'And the inhabitants of Jebus said to David: You shall not come in here' — This has already been explained in the Book of Samuel (II Samuel 5:6, etc.). The reason given there is that unless he removed 'the blind and the lame,' he would not be able to come in there; and we have already explained, in our commentary on the Book of Samuel, the reason for this: that there were figures there of the blind and the lame, holding what looked like large iron rods, and the water flowing through a pipe kept those rods moving constantly, so that no one could get in there. The way to overcome this, therefore, was to stop the water's contact with the pipe through which it came, so as to stop that movement. Now the Book of Samuel is brief and does not mention what David would give to whoever first struck a Jebusite and touched the pipe; but here it is explained that he would become head and captain, and that Joab was the one who first went up to strike the Jebusites. That is why he became head — meaning, he became captain of the army.
Metzudat David
'You shall not come in here' — meaning, you will not be able to conquer it, because of its strength. 'The stronghold of Zion' — the name of a strong fortress near the site of Jebus. 'The same is the city of David' — afterward it was given the name “the City of David.”
Metzudat Zion
The stronghold (metzudat) - An expression of a strong fortress, as in "they dwelt in strongholds" (Jeremiah 51).
Malbim
'said' — In Samuel there the account is given at length, and Ezra did not wish to repeat what was already known from the Book of Samuel, but only to add what was not known from there. For there (5:6) it is written, "and he said to David, saying: You shall not come in here"; here he added that it was the inhabitants of Jebus who said this — meaning that they did not let him enter through the gate, so he captured the stronghold that was on the other side, as stated there. And there (v. 8) it is written, "and David said: Whoever smites the Jebusites...," without explaining what [exactly] he said; and Ezra explained it.
And David said: ‘Whoever smites the Jebusites first shall be chief and captain.’ And Joab the son of Zeruiah went up first, and was made chief.
verse value 3769
Insights
Verse structure: 14 words, 68 letters. The shortest word is "David" (דָּוִ֔יד, 4 letters) and the longest is "in·the·first" (בָּרִ֣אשׁוֹנָ֔ה, 7 letters). Words sharing gematria 564: in·the·first, in·the·first. 3 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "all·who·smite" (כׇּל־מַכֵּ֤ה), "Jebusite" (יְבוּסִי֙), "and·to·captain" (וּלְשָׂ֑ר). The root ראשון appears 2 times in this verse. 11 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "son·of·Zeruiah" (root בן, 665x in I Chronicles); "David" (root דוד, 182x in I Chronicles); "he·shall·be" (root היה, 104x in I Chronicles). First appearance of the root שר ("and·to·captain") in I Chronicles. The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'and·to·captain', dividing the verse into phrases of 8 and 6 words. Full calculation: וַיֹּ֣אמֶר [and·he·said] (257) + דָּוִ֔יד [David] (24) + כׇּל־מַכֵּ֤ה [all·who·smite] (115) + יְבוּסִי֙ [Jebusite] (88) + בָּרִ֣אשׁוֹנָ֔ה [in·the·first] (564) + יִהְיֶ֥ה [he·shall·be] (30) + לְרֹ֖אשׁ [to·chief] (531) + וּלְשָׂ֑ר [and·to·captain] (536) + וַיַּ֧עַל [and·he·went·up] (116) + בָּרִאשׁוֹנָ֛ה [in·the·first] (564) + יוֹאָ֥ב [Joab] (19) + בֶּן־צְרוּיָ֖ה [son·of·Zeruiah] (363) + וַיְהִ֥י [and·he·was] (31) + לְרֹֽאשׁ [to·chief] (531) = 3769.
Metzudat David
'First' — to go up into battle first, to strike at them.
Malbim
'And David said: Whoever smites the Jebusites first' — [meaning] whoever would be the first to prevail in the battle. 'shall be chief and captain' — there is a distinction between "chief" [rosh] and "captain" [sar]: there can be a sar who is not a rosh, as with Joab, who had already been captain of the army, yet was not chief over Israel, only the leader of the army. Therefore, when Joab — who was already a sar — went up [and prevailed], it is written "and he became chief," meaning that he was now additionally made chief over the city, as it says (verse 8), "and Joab repaired the rest of the city."
And David dwelt in the stronghold; therefore they called it the city of David.
verse value 1295
Insights
Verse structure: 7 words, 29 letters. The shortest word is "city" (עִ֥יר, 3 letters) and the longest is "they·called·to·him" (קָרְאוּ־ל֖וֹ, 6 letters). Words sharing gematria 24: David, David. 2 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "in·the·stronghold" (בַּמְצָ֑ד), "they·called·to·him" (קָרְאוּ־ל֖וֹ). The root דוד appears 2 times in this verse. 6 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "David" (root דוד, 182x in I Chronicles); "and·he·dwelt" (root ישב, 44x in I Chronicles); "city" (root עיר, 39x in I Chronicles). First appearance of the root מצד ("in·the·stronghold") in I Chronicles. First appearance of the root כן ("upon·thus") in I Chronicles. The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'in·the·stronghold', dividing the verse into phrases of 3 and 4 words. Full calculation: וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב [and·he·dwelt] (318) + דָּוִ֖יד [David] (24) + בַּמְצָ֑ד [in·the·stronghold] (136) + עַל־כֵּ֥ן [upon·thus] (170) + קָרְאוּ־ל֖וֹ [they·called·to·him] (343) + עִ֥יר [city] (280) + דָּוִֽיד [David] (24) = 1295.
Ralbag
'And David dwelt in the stronghold' — He is referring to the fortress, the strong tower that was there. (V. 8:) 'from Millo even round about' — now the Millo was the place that formed an open square around the city of Zion, where the people would gather; and the sense is that from the Millo inward, David built his city all around, up to the stronghold in which he dwelt. 'And Joab kept the rest of the city alive' — This is not mentioned in the Book of Samuel. The meaning is that he let the rest of the city, where the Jebusites had been living, remain alive, but put to death only those who were in the stronghold of Zion. The rest entered into a covenant with Israel and became tributary to them. That is why you find that Jebusites were still living in Jerusalem toward the end of David's days.
Metzudat Zion
In the stronghold (bamatzad) - This is the stronghold of Zion.
Malbim
And David dwelt [in the stronghold] – In the book of Samuel it says (II Samuel 5:9), "And David dwelt in the stronghold, and called it the city of David; and David built round about, from the Millo and inward." Ezra did not need to tell us this, since we already knew it from the book of Samuel; rather, he is telling us something new. For there is a difference between a "height" (tzad) and a "stronghold" (metzudah): the height is the tall hill that is strong by its own nature, while the stronghold is the fortress built upon that height. At first David dwelt only in the stronghold, the built fortress of Zion, and he gave the name "city of David" only to that fortress alone, for he dwelt only within the fortress itself. Around the fortress lay an open area called the Millo, which remained without buildings; he built only "from the Millo and inward," within the wall of the fortress — this is what is told in the book of Samuel. Ezra now informs us that afterward David's dwelling expanded, for the stronghold had grown too cramped for him, until he extended his residence beyond the stronghold onto the height itself, which is Mount Zion all around. Therefore they called its name the city of David – For then they called even the height — that is, the whole of Mount Zion — by the name "the city of David." David himself had given this name only to the stronghold, but the people afterward applied this same name also to the height, that is, to the whole of Mount Zion.
And he built the city round about, from Millo even round about; and Joab repaired the rest of the city.
verse value 2043
Insights
Verse structure: 9 words, 46 letters. The shortest word is "and·he·built" (וַיִּ֤בֶן, 4 letters) and the longest is "and·unto·the·round·about" (וְעַד־הַסָּבִ֑יב, 8 letters). Words sharing gematria 285: the·city, the·city. 4 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "from·Millo" (מִן־הַמִּלּ֖וֹא), "and·unto·the·round·about" (וְעַד־הַסָּבִ֑יב), "he·repaired" (יְחַיֶּ֖ה). The root עיר appears 2 times in this verse. 7 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "the·city" (root עיר, 39x in I Chronicles); "and·he·built" (root בנה, 26x in I Chronicles); "and·Joab" (root יואב, 25x in I Chronicles). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'and·unto·the·round·about', dividing the verse into phrases of 5 and 4 words. Full calculation: וַיִּ֤בֶן [and·he·built] (68) + הָעִיר֙ [the·city] (285) + מִסָּבִ֔יב [from·round·about] (114) + מִן־הַמִּלּ֖וֹא [from·Millo] (172) + וְעַד־הַסָּבִ֑יב [and·unto·the·round·about] (159) + וְיוֹאָ֕ב [and·Joab] (25) + יְחַיֶּ֖ה [he·repaired] (33) + אֶת־שְׁאָ֥ר [rest·of] (902) + הָעִֽיר [the·city] (285) = 2043.
Rashi
and Joab restored the rest of the city Heb. יְחַיֶּה. He built and strengthened [it] by building [i.e., repairing] the cracks in the wall. A similar instance [is found] with Ezra (Neh. 3:34): “Will they revive (הַיְּחַיּוּ) the stones from the heaps of dust?”
Metzudat David
'From Millo' — near the wall he left an open space, so that a multitude of people would have room to gather there; and the word is used in this sense elsewhere (Jeremiah 4:5) — and from the Millo inward he built houses all around. 'Even round about' — the matter is repeated to indicate that he built the whole of it. 'Repaired' — he strengthened the breaches in the rest of the city, with walls and towers.
Metzudat Zion
Repaired (yechayeh, lit. "give life") - Said metaphorically for restoring a building's disrepair, as in "will they revive the stones?" (Nehemiah 3).
Malbim
And he built – Afterward David began to build also around the stronghold, upon the height, until he had built "from the Millo and all around" — in addition to what he had first built, "from the Millo and inward." These buildings were not completed in David's lifetime; moreover, the Millo was not enclosed by a wall in his days, and Jerusalem itself was not enclosed until the days of Solomon, of whom it is written (I Kings 9:15) that he built the Millo and the wall of Jerusalem; and there (9:24), "But Pharaoh's daughter went up out of the city of David unto her house which he had built for her; then did he build the Millo"; and there (11:27), "he built the Millo, and repaired the breach of the city of David his father" — for in David's days the building had not been completed, and it also remained breached, without a wall. and Joab repaired the rest of the city – For David personally supervised the city of David, while over the rest of Jerusalem Joab was made head, as David had promised him; and it was Joab who gave life to the city — whether by adding inhabitants to it and breathing into it a spirit of life, so that it should become a bustling, joyous city, or by seeing to it that its people should find sustenance, food, and livelihood there.
And David waxed greater and greater; for Hashem of hosts was with him.
verse value 847
Insights
Verse structure: 7 words, 30 letters. The shortest word is "with·him" (עִמּֽוֹ, 3 letters) and the longest is "and·growing" (וְגָד֑וֹל, 5 letters). 2 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "going" (הָל֣וֹךְ), "and·growing" (וְגָד֑וֹל). The root הלך appears 2 times in this verse. 6 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "David" (root דוד, 182x in I Chronicles); "and·Hashem" (root יהוה, 175x in I Chronicles); "with·him" (root עם, 63x in I Chronicles). First appearance of the root גדל ("and·growing") in I Chronicles. The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'and·growing', dividing the verse into phrases of 4 and 3 words. Full calculation: וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ [and·he·went] (66) + דָּוִ֖יד [David] (24) + הָל֣וֹךְ [going] (61) + וְגָד֑וֹל [and·growing] (49) + וַיהֹוָ֥ה [and·Hashem] (32) + צְבָא֖וֹת [of·hosts] (499) + עִמּֽוֹ [with·him] (116) = 847.
Metzudat David
'Waxed greater and greater' — at every stage he grew still greater.
Now these are the chief of the mighty men whom David had, who held strongly with him in his kingdom, together with all Israel, to make him king, according to the word of Hashem concerning Israel.
verse value 4333
Insights
Verse structure: 13 words, 71 letters. Notable word values: "Hashem" (יְהֹוָ֖ה) = 26, the value of the divine name Hashem. The shortest word is "that" (אֲשֶׁ֣ר, 3 letters) and the longest is "with·all·Israel" (עִם־כׇּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל, 9 letters). 4 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "who·held·strong" (הַמִּתְחַזְּקִ֨ים), "in·his·kingdom" (בְמַלְכוּת֛וֹ), "with·all·Israel" (עִם־כׇּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל). The root ישראל appears 2 times in this verse. 12 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "to·David" (root דוד, 182x in I Chronicles); "Hashem" (root יהוה, 175x in I Chronicles); "with·all·Israel" (root ישראל, 94x in I Chronicles). First appearance of the root חזק ("who·held·strong") in I Chronicles. First appearance of the root מלכות ("in·his·kingdom") in I Chronicles. The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'to·make·him·king', dividing the verse into phrases of 10 and 3 words. Full calculation: וְאֵ֨לֶּה [and·these] (42) + רָאשֵׁ֤י [heads·of] (511) + הַגִּבֹּרִים֙ [the·mighty] (260) + אֲשֶׁ֣ר [that] (501) + לְדָוִ֔יד [to·David] (54) + הַמִּתְחַזְּקִ֨ים [who·held·strong] (610) + עִמּ֧וֹ [with·him] (116) + בְמַלְכוּת֛וֹ [in·his·kingdom] (504) + עִם־כׇּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל [with·all·Israel] (701) + לְהַמְלִיכ֑וֹ [to·make·him·king] (141) + כִּדְבַ֥ר [like·word·of] (226) + יְהֹוָ֖ה [Hashem] (26) + עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל [concerning·Israel] (641) = 4333.
Ralbag
'who held strongly with him in his kingdom, together with all Israel' — It appears that this was in the days of Ish-bosheth, for because of their might they began to fight David's battles and succeeded, as the good hand of his God was upon him; and some of them were already with him while he was fleeing from Saul, since they surmised that he would [one day] reign over Israel.
Metzudat David
'In his kingdom' — in the matter of the kingship, they strengthened themselves alongside him, to speak persuasively to Israel to make him king, just as Hashem had spoken concerning Israel, that he would reign over them.
Malbim
Now these are the chief of the mighty men... these are the number of the mighty men – The material that runs "these are the number of the mighty men" from verse 11 through Uriah the Hittite in verse 41 is also found in the book of Samuel (II Samuel 23). Ezra added still more mighty men, whom he lists in this chapter from verse 41 to the end of the chapter, and yet more mighty men whom he lists in chapter 12, none of whom are found in the book of Samuel. For there, only the names of the mighty men who belonged to David and were always with him were listed; here, however, he first lists the chiefs of David's mighty men who held strongly with him in his kingship — these he enumerates in chapter 12 — hence it says, "Now these are the chief of the mighty men... who held strongly with him," to make him king. He then also lists the number of David's mighty men who had been with him from the very beginning of his mighty men, which he copies from the book of Samuel — except that Samuel was brief, and Ezra added to them further mighty men that he found in the royal annals, and also explained many things from the book of Samuel, as is his practice throughout this book; hence it says, "and these are the number of the mighty men." And in place of what Samuel calls "the names of the mighty men" — for there the intent was not to make known their full number but only the names of the most famous among them — Ezra made known their full number, which was greater than what is stated in Samuel.
And this is the number of the mighty men whom David had: Jashobeam, the son of a Hachmonite, the chief of the captains; he lifted up his spear against three hundred and slew them at one time.
verse value 6941
Insights
Verse structure: 16 words, 85 letters. The shortest word is "that" (אֲשֶׁ֣ר, 3 letters) and the longest is "against·three·hundred" (עַל־שְׁלֹשׁ־מֵא֥וֹת, 9 letters). Words sharing gematria 501: that, head·of. 3 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "he·wielded" (הֽוּא־עוֹרֵ֧ר), "against·three·hundred" (עַל־שְׁלֹשׁ־מֵא֥וֹת), "in·stroke" (בְּפַ֥עַם). 15 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "son·of·a·Hachmonite" (root בן, 665x in I Chronicles); "to·David" (root דוד, 182x in I Chronicles); "and·these" (root אלה, 89x in I Chronicles). First appearance of the root ישבעם ("Jashobeam") in I Chronicles. First appearance of the root חנית ("his·spear") in I Chronicles. The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'to·David', dividing the verse into phrases of 5 and 11 words.
Rashi
the head of the mighty men רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁלִישִׁים like (Exod. 14:7): “and mighty men וְשָׁלִשִׁים over them all.” he stirred his spear When he was engaged in battle, he would not return from the battle until he had slain three hundred men with his spear. the son of Hachmoni In Samuel (II 23:8), it is written: “Tahkemoni.” He is his father, and the father was stronger than the son, for it is written concerning him: “against eight hundred slain at one time.”
Ralbag
'Jashobeam, the son of a Hachmonite' — Now in the Book of Kings (this should read: II Samuel 23:8) he is called 'Josheb-basshebeth a Tachmonite.' The meaning, as it is put here, is that because of the greatness of his might he would sit as though he were among the people, and also because of his wisdom; that is why he is called 'the son of a Hachmonite' — for he conducted himself in his might with wisdom. Now in the Book of Samuel he is called 'Adino the Eznite,' and there it says 'against eight hundred slain at one time,' while here it says he lifted up his spear against three hundred slain at one time. It would not be proper for us to resolve this difficulty by saying that on one occasion he lifted up his spear against eight hundred slain, and on another occasion it happened that he lifted up his spear against three hundred slain — for the text meant to convey the extent of his might, and it would be proper for it to describe the utmost he was capable of; so it would be proper for it to describe him as having lifted up his spear against eight hundred slain at one time. This is a point that needs no further explanation for one who studies our words carefully. And indeed, this difficulty still weighs on me strongly. What appears to me as the resolution of this difficulty is that with all his weapons of war combined, it happened that he killed eight hundred at one time, whereas with his spear alone it happened that he killed three hundred. That is why you find that the Book of Samuel does not say 'he lifted up his spear,' but only says 'against eight hundred slain at one time.'
Metzudat David
'And this is,' etc. — these are the men who stood firm with him. 'Jashobeam' — this is the same person called 'Josheb-basshebeth' in II Samuel, for both names carry the same meaning. 'the son of a Hachmonite' — this is 'the Tahchemonite' mentioned in II Samuel, and the two carry the same meaning; just as a man of Jerusalem may be called 'a son of Jerusalem' or 'a Jerusalemite.' 'he lifted up his spear,' etc. — meaning, after he had slain three hundred men at one time, he would immediately raise his spear again to fight them, as though he were only now beginning to fight. (In II Samuel he is praised for combining love of wisdom together with might, in that after he slew eight hundred men he returned to sit in the seat of wisdom.)
Metzudat Zion
The mighty men (hashalishim) - This term means officers and warriors, as in "his chosen captains" (Exodus 15). Lifted up (orer) - From the language of arousal and motion.
Malbim
Jashobeam, the son of a Hachmonite – Now in Samuel three mighty men are listed: Josheb-basshebeth the Tahchemonite, that is, Adino the Eznite; Eleazar the son of Dodo the Ahohite; and Shammah the son of Agee — yet here only two are listed. There it speaks of eight hundred slain, here of three hundred. The feat attributed here to Eleazar — that the field was full of barley — is there attributed to Shammah, where it says the field was full of lentils. But this is the very principle we have spoken of throughout this book: Ezra did not come to copy the words of the earlier books, since the book of Samuel is available to every reader; rather, he came to explain its words and to add to them, leaving the rest for the reader to find there. Now in the book of Samuel (23:8) it is written, "He that sat in the seat, Tahchemoni, chief of the three — the same is Adino the Eznite — against eight hundred, slain at one time." From this it is clear that his name was Adino the Eznite, and there Scripture records his wisdom: that he "sat in the seat of Tahchemoni" over eight hundred slain — meaning that after he had slain eight hundred men his mind was not thrown into confusion, and upon returning from battle he sat in the seat of the wise, studying Torah among the Sages. It was on this account that he was "chief of the three," that is, chief of the three mighty men, through his wisdom (the three mighty men being Eleazar and Shammah, counted there together with him). Ezra tells us things that are new: first, that he was also called by the name Jashobeam the son of Hachmoni — a name that reflects his wisdom: "yashab" (he sat) - "am" (with the people), "ben" (son of) - "chacham" (a wise man) — for on account of his wisdom he sat in session to teach wisdom to the people. Ezra also records his feat of strength: that on one occasion he slew three hundred men at a single time without his hand growing weary, but that afterward he lifted his heavy spear and wielded it easily, this way and that. Yet on account of this feat of strength alone he was not chief of the three mighty men, for it will be explained (in verse 20) that Abishai, the brother of Joab, who ranked only second among the mighty men, did the very same thing; rather, it was on this same account of strength that he was chief of the thirty mighty men, whose might was less than that of the six who preceded them.
And after him was Eleazar the son of Dodo, the Ahohite, who was one of the three mighty men.
verse value 1564
Insights
Verse structure: 7 words, 38 letters. The shortest word is "he" (ה֖וּא, 3 letters) and the longest is "and·after·him" (וְאַחֲרָ֛יו, 6 letters). 1 word in this verse appears nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "and·after·him" (וְאַחֲרָ֛יו). 7 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "son·of·Dodo" (root בן, 665x in I Chronicles); "he" (root הוא, 50x in I Chronicles); "in·three" (root שלוש, 42x in I Chronicles). First appearance of the root אחוחי ("the·Ahohite") in I Chronicles. The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'the·Ahohite', dividing the verse into phrases of 4 and 3 words. Full calculation: וְאַחֲרָ֛יו [and·after·him] (231) + אֶלְעָזָ֥ר [Eleazar] (308) + בֶּן־דּוֹד֖וֹ [son·of·Dodo] (72) + הָאֲחוֹחִ֑י [the·Ahohite] (38) + ה֖וּא [he] (12) + בִּשְׁלוֹשָׁ֥ה [in·three] (643) + הַגִּבֹּרִֽים [the·mighty] (260) = 1564.
Rashi
he was among the three mighty men He was included in the three mighty men; he was one of them. And these three were mightier than the rest of the thirty three mentioned nearby. Here he counts only two: Jashobeam and Eleazar, but in Samuel (II 23:11), it mentions the third one as well, as it is written: “and after him [came] Shammah the son of Agei the mountaineer”
Ralbag
'And after him was Eleazar the son of Dodo, the Ahohite' — Here the text is brief in relating the feat of might that he performed, relying on what is stated about this in the Book of Samuel. There it recounts the feat of might performed by Shammah the son of Agee the Hararite, but does not mention Eleazar by name, yet it relates that feat of might in the plural. This suggests that Eleazar was there together with Shammah, and it would seem that the account there actually includes both feats of might — that of Eleazar and that of Shammah: Shammah stood in the middle of the plot to save the plot, and struck down the Philistines who were there, while Eleazar struck down the Philistines who had gathered there for battle. In this way the two of them together brought about the saving of the plot.
Metzudat David
'And after him' — in rank. 'he was one of the three mighty men' — he was one of the three mighty men mentioned in II Samuel who were with David when they defied the Philistines, etc.; and for brevity's sake Scripture here relies on what is stated there.
Malbim
And after him was Eleazar – He too was one of the three mighty men (of the first rank, all of whom were with David in the war that David fought against the Philistines at Ephes-dammim); and in Samuel (II Samuel 23:9-10) it is mentioned only that he struck down the Philistines and wrought a victory. Ezra tells us that he, too, on that occasion, saved a plot of ground full of barley — something not mentioned in Samuel; there (v. 11), rather, it is the third mighty man, Shammah, of whom it is told that he saved a plot full of lentils. Ezra did not mention that, since it was already known from the book of Samuel and offered nothing new; instead, he tells us that Eleazar too saved, on that occasion, another plot of barley. The reason this was not mentioned in Samuel is that he did it with the help of his soldiers, as it is written, "and they stood in the midst of the plot and saved it," in the plural.
He was with David at Pas-dammim, and there the Philistines were gathered together to battle, where was a plot of ground full of barley; and the people fled from before the Philistines.
verse value 5215
Insights
Verse structure: 16 words, 79 letters. The shortest word is "in·Pas-" (בַּפַּ֣ס, 3 letters) and the longest is "and·the·Philistines" (וְהַפְּלִשְׁתִּים֙, 8 letters). 7 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "he·was" (הֽוּא־הָיָ֨ה), "in·Pas-" (בַּפַּ֣ס), "and·the·Philistines" (וְהַפְּלִשְׁתִּים֙). The root פלשתי appears 2 times in this verse. 15 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "with·David" (root דוד, 182x in I Chronicles); "and·it·was" (root היה, 104x in I Chronicles); "and·the·people" (root עם, 63x in I Chronicles). First appearance of the root דם ("dammim") in I Chronicles. First appearance of the root מלא ("full") in I Chronicles. The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'barley', dividing the verse into phrases of 12 and 4 words.
Rashi
in Pas-Dammim a name of a place, and in Samuel (I 17:1): “in Ephes-Dammim.” and the Philistines gathered there for war they were eager to avenge themselves upon Israel and those mighty men who reviled them, as delineated in Samuel (II 23:9): “...when they reviled the Philistines.” full of barley and the Philistines wished to reap it and to set it afire.
Metzudat David
'full of barley' — but in II Samuel it says 'lentils,' for in truth this is not the same battle; for there it says that it was Shammah who saved it.
Metzudat Zion
At Pas-dammim - The name of a place. A plot of ground (chelkat hasadeh) - A tract of the field.
But they stood in the midst of the plot, and defended it, and slew the Philistines; and Hashem saved them by a great victory.
verse value 3807
Insights
Verse structure: 9 words, 54 letters. Notable word values: "Hashem" (יְהֹוָ֖ה) = 26, the value of the divine name Hashem. The shortest word is "and·they·smote" (וַיַּכּ֖וּ, 4 letters) and the longest is "in·midst·of·the·portion" (בְתוֹךְ־הַֽחֶלְקָה֙, 9 letters). 4 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "and·they·stood" (וַיִּֽתְיַצְּב֤וּ), "in·midst·of·the·portion" (בְתוֹךְ־הַֽחֶלְקָה֙), "and·they·defended·it" (וַיַּצִּיל֔וּהָ). 9 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "Hashem" (root יהוה, 175x in I Chronicles); "Philistines" (root פלשתי, 27x in I Chronicles); "and·they·smote" (root נכה, 25x in I Chronicles). First appearance of the root ישע ("and·he·saved") in I Chronicles. First appearance of the root גדול ("great") in I Chronicles. The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'Philistines', dividing the verse into phrases of 5 and 4 words. Full calculation: וַיִּֽתְיַצְּב֤וּ [and·they·stood] (524) + בְתוֹךְ־הַֽחֶלְקָה֙ [in·midst·of·the·portion] (576) + וַיַּצִּיל֔וּהָ [and·they·defended·it] (157) + וַיַּכּ֖וּ [and·they·smote] (42) + אֶת־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים [Philistines] (1261) + וַיּ֥וֹשַׁע [and·he·saved] (392) + יְהֹוָ֖ה [Hashem] (26) + תְּשׁוּעָ֥ה [salvation] (781) + גְדוֹלָֽה [great] (48) = 3807.
Metzudat David
'and defended it' — he and his men did, so that the Philistines would not burn it.
And three of the thirty chiefs went down to the rock to David, to the cave of Adullam; and the host of the Philistines were encamped in the valley of Rephaim.
verse value 5059
Insights
Verse structure: 13 words, 66 letters. The shortest word is "head" (רֹ֤אשׁ, 3 letters) and the longest is "from·the·thirty" (מִן־הַשְּׁלוֹשִׁ֨ים, 9 letters). 6 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "and·they·went·down" (וַיֵּרְד֡וּ), "to·the·rock" (עַל־הַצֻּר֙), "to·cave·of" (אֶל־מְעָרַ֖ת). 13 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "to·David" (root דוד, 182x in I Chronicles); "head" (root ראש, 73x in I Chronicles); "three" (root שלוש, 42x in I Chronicles). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'Adullam', dividing the verse into phrases of 8 and 5 words. Full calculation: וַיֵּרְד֡וּ [and·they·went·down] (226) + שְֽׁלוֹשָׁה֩ [three] (641) + מִן־הַשְּׁלוֹשִׁ֨ים [from·the·thirty] (781) + רֹ֤אשׁ [head] (501) + עַל־הַצֻּר֙ [to·the·rock] (395) + אֶל־דָּוִ֔יד [to·David] (55) + אֶל־מְעָרַ֖ת [to·cave·of] (741) + עֲדֻלָּ֑ם [Adullam] (144) + וּמַחֲנֵ֣ה [and·camp·of] (109) + פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים [Philistines] (860) + חֹנָ֖ה [was·encamped] (63) + בְּעֵ֥מֶק [in·valley·of] (212) + רְפָאִֽים [Rephaim] (331) = 5059.
Rashi
And three of the thirty These three were the heads of the entire thirty.
Metzudat David
'of the thirty chiefs' — each of these three was a chief among the thirty mighty men mentioned in II Samuel; they too are listed further below, but here Scripture adds still more to them.
Malbim
‘And three of the thirty chiefs went down to the rock, to David’ — After the first three mighty men of the first rank, there was another group of three of the second rank, who headed the thirty mighty men that this book goes on to count. All of this is likewise stated in Samuel, where I explained that this happened at the time David was anointed king, when the Philistines went up to the valley of Rephaim near Jerusalem, and David went to the cave of Adullam and the stronghold, near the land of the Philistines, as it is written (II Samuel 5:17-20). In Samuel it says, ‘and they came to the harvest,’ meaning it happened at harvest time; here it tells us that they ‘went down’ (for one traveling from Jerusalem to the land of the Philistines is going down), and they came to the rock, where the stronghold and the cave were. The rest of the details I explained in my commentary on Samuel, there.
And David was then in the stronghold, and the garrison of the Philistines was then in Beth-lehem.
verse value 1703
Insights
Verse structure: 8 words, 33 letters. Verse gematria: 1703 is divisible by 13, the value of echad ('one') and ahavah ('love'). The shortest word is "then" (אָ֣ז, 2 letters) and the longest is "in·the·stronghold" (בַּמְּצוּדָ֑ה, 6 letters). Words sharing gematria 8: then, then. 2 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "in·the·stronghold" (בַּמְּצוּדָ֑ה), "and·garrison·of" (וּנְצִ֣יב). The root אז appears 2 times in this verse. 7 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "and·David" (root דוד, 182x in I Chronicles); "in·Beth-" (root בית, 115x in I Chronicles); "Philistines" (root פלשתי, 27x in I Chronicles). First appearance of the root אז ("then") in I Chronicles. The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'in·the·stronghold', dividing the verse into phrases of 3 and 5 words. Full calculation: וְדָוִ֖יד [and·David] (30) + אָ֣ז [then] (8) + בַּמְּצוּדָ֑ה [in·the·stronghold] (147) + וּנְצִ֣יב [and·garrison·of] (158) + פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים [Philistines] (860) + אָ֖ז [then] (8) + בְּבֵ֥ית [in·Beth-] (414) + לָֽחֶם [lehem] (78) = 1703.
Rashi
and a Philistine governor was then in Bethlehem for they had already taken Bethlehem and stationed a governor therein, who judged [the region]. This was at the beginning of his reign, for the Philistines were still ruling over them, for so we find that prior to David’s arrival, they ruled over Israel in the days of Samson and Samuel, as it is written (I Samuel 4:9): “Strengthen yourselves and be valiant, Philistines, lest you serve the Hebrews, etc.”
Ralbag
'And the garrison of the Philistines was then in Beth-lehem' — In Samuel it is written 'and the force of the Philistines,' which indicates that the intent is the camp of the Philistines. Now the 'garrison' of the Philistines is the officer whom the Philistines stationed there, and it was impossible to go draw from the well of Beth-lehem that is by the gate without passing through the Valley of Rephaim, where the camp of the Philistines was stationed.
Metzudat David
'in the stronghold' — this is the rock at the cave of Adullam.
Metzudat Zion
The garrison (netziv) - An expression of an officer and appointee.
And David longed, and said: ‘Oh that one would give me water to drink of the well of Beth-lehem, which is by the gate! ’
verse value 3125
Insights
Verse structure: 10 words, 41 letters. The shortest word is "who?" (מִ֚י, 2 letters) and the longest is "Beth-lehem" (בֵּֽית־לֶ֖חֶם, 6 letters). 2 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "and·he·longed" (וַיִּתְאָ֥ו), "will·give·me·drink" (יַשְׁקֵ֣נִי). 10 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "David" (root דוד, 182x in I Chronicles); "Beth-lehem" (root בית, 115x in I Chronicles); "that" (root אשר, 77x in I Chronicles). First appearance of the root בור ("from·well·of") in I Chronicles. The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'and·he·said', dividing the verse into phrases of 3 and 7 words. Full calculation: וַיִּתְאָ֥ו [and·he·longed] (423) + דָּוִ֖יד [David] (24) + וַיֹּאמַ֑ר [and·he·said] (257) + מִ֚י [who?] (50) + יַשְׁקֵ֣נִי [will·give·me·drink] (470) + מַ֔יִם [water] (90) + מִבּ֥וֹר [from·well·of] (248) + בֵּֽית־לֶ֖חֶם [Beth-lehem] (490) + אֲשֶׁ֥ר [that] (501) + בַּשָּֽׁעַר [in·the·gate] (572) = 3125.
Rashi
If only someone would give me to drink water from the cistern of Bethlehem This was David’s place, as it is written (I Sam. 17:58): “The son of your servant, Jesse the Bethlehemite,” and because he was accustomed and used to that water, he desired it; any water or air that a person is accustomed to is beneficial to him, and that which he is not used to is harmful to him. A similar case is [found] in the beginning of Josiphon about a queen who became ill because she was carried away from the land of her birth, and all the physicians said, “She has no cure until she bathes and derives benefit from the water of her place,” and they did this for her.
Metzudat David
'Oh that one would give me water to drink' — he was not commanding that the water be brought; rather, it is as though he said, 'Would that I had the water of the well of Beth-lehem.'
Metzudat Zion
And longed (vayit'av) - From the language of desire and craving.
And the three broke through the host of the Philistines, and drew water out of the well of Beth-lehem, that was by the gate, and took it, and brought it to David; but David would not drink of it, but poured it out to Hashem,
verse value 6316
Insights
Verse structure: 18 words, 93 letters. The shortest word is "that" (אֲשֶׁ֣ר, 3 letters) and the longest is "and·they·drew·water" (וַיִּֽשְׁאֲבוּ־מַ֙יִם֙, 9 letters). 5 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "and·they·broke·through" (וַיִּבְקְע֨וּ), "the·three" (הַשְּׁלֹשָׁ֜ה), "in·camp·of" (בְּמַחֲנֵ֣ה). The root דוד appears 2 times in this verse. 17 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "to·David" (root דוד, 182x in I Chronicles); "to·Hashem" (root יהוה, 175x in I Chronicles); "Beth-lehem" (root בית, 115x in I Chronicles). First appearance of the root שתה ("to·drink·them") in I Chronicles. The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'to·David', dividing the verse into phrases of 12 and 6 words.
Rashi
And the three broke through the Philistine camp (In German, durchbrechen die schare) drew When the Philistines were standing before the cistern, the three mighty men of Israel broke through between them and drew [water] against their will. and he poured it out as a libation to the Lord Bar Kappara says: It was the festival of Succoth, and he poured them [the waters] out for a libation on the altar.
Metzudat David
'broke through' — when they heard that he longed for it, they went of their own accord to give David satisfaction, and passed through the Philistine camp, as though they broke through it to make themselves a path. 'poured it out' — he poured it onto the ground, to Hashem.
and said: ‘My God forbid it me, that I should do this; shall I drink the blood of these men who have put their lives in jeopardy? for with the jeopardy of their lives they brought it.’ Therefore he would not drink it. These things did the three mighty men.
verse value 7671
Insights
Verse structure: 21 words, 93 letters. Notable word values: "from·my·God" (מֵאֱלֹהַ֜י) = 86, equal to Elohim. The shortest word is "to·me" (לִּ֨י, 2 letters) and the longest is "in·their·lives" (בְנַפְשׁוֹתָם֙, 7 letters). Words sharing gematria 878: in·their·lives, in·their·lives. 6 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "far·be·it·(from·me)" (חָלִ֩ילָה֩), "from·my·God" (מֵאֱלֹהַ֜י), "from·doing" (מֵעֲשׂ֣וֹת). The root עשה appears 2 times in this verse. 17 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "from·my·God" (root אלהים, 117x in I Chronicles); "these" (root אלה, 89x in I Chronicles); "and·he·said" (root אמר, 73x in I Chronicles). First appearance of the root לי ("to·me") in I Chronicles. The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'to·drink·them', dividing the verse into phrases of 17 and 4 words.
Rashi
for they brought it with their lives for they risked being killed for the water.
Metzudat David
'and said' — he gave the reason he did not drink of it, saying 'far be it,' etc., meaning: it would be a profane act for me to drink it, out of reverence for Hashem. 'the blood,' etc. — shall I drink the blood of these men who went in mortal danger? for indeed, it was at the risk of their lives that they brought it; therefore the water is to be reckoned as blood.
And Abishai, the brother of Joab, he was chief of the three; for he lifted up his spear against three hundred and slew them, and had a name among the three.
verse value 5212
Insights
Verse structure: 15 words, 68 letters. Notable word values: "and·he" (וְהוּא֙) = 18, chai, 'life'. The shortest word is "he" (ה֤וּא, 3 letters) and the longest is "brother·of·Joab" (אֲחִֽי־יוֹאָ֗ב, 7 letters). 4 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "brother·of·Joab" (אֲחִֽי־יוֹאָ֗ב), "the·three" (הַשְּׁלוֹשָׁ֔ה), "he·wielded" (עוֹרֵ֣ר). The root שלוש appears 3 times in this verse. 12 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "he·was" (root היה, 104x in I Chronicles); "head·of" (root ראש, 73x in I Chronicles); "and·to·him·name" (root שם, 67x in I Chronicles). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'slain', dividing the verse into phrases of 12 and 3 words.
Rashi
And Abshai, the brother of Joab, was the chief of the three of those three who broke through the Philistine camp and drew the water. The reason he does not mention Joab with the chiefs of the mighty men is that it is beneath his dignity to count him with these men, because he was the general of the army, the chief of them all. and he had a name among the three It was reputed (lit., he had that name) that his heroism equaled all the heroic acts of them all, but it was an error.
Metzudat David
'chief of the three' — he was the chief of the three who broke through the camp to bring the water. 'for he lifted up his spear against,' etc. — meaning, right after that slaying, he would raise his spear to fight them again, as though he were only now beginning to fight. 'and had a name among the three' — meaning, he was renowned as a mighty man among the first three mighty men, namely Jashobeam, Eleazar, and Shammah, mentioned in II Samuel; meaning, that they too, for all their own might, regarded Abishai as a mighty man.
Malbim
‘And Abishai’ — [Scripture] specifies who the three mighty men were: the chief among them was Abishai. ‘and had a name among the three’ — meaning that he had a name even among the three mighty men of the first rank mentioned above, since he too raised his spear against three hundred men and slew them, just like Adino the Eznite.
Of the three in the second rank he was the most honorable, and was made their captain; however, he attained not to the first three.
verse value 2610
Insights
Verse structure: 8 words, 40 letters. Verse gematria: 2610 is divisible by 18, the value of chai ('life'). The shortest word is "to·them" (לָהֶ֖ם, 3 letters) and the longest is "and·unto·the·three" (וְעַד־הַשְּׁלוֹשָׁ֖ה, 9 letters). 4 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "from·the·three" (מִן־הַשְּׁלוֹשָׁ֤ה), "in·the·two" (בַשְּׁנַ֙יִם֙), "to·captain" (לְשָׂ֑ר). The root שלוש appears 2 times in this verse. 7 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "and·he·was" (root היה, 104x in I Chronicles); "not·he·came" (root בוא, 62x in I Chronicles); "in·the·two" (root שנים, 45x in I Chronicles). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'to·captain', dividing the verse into phrases of 6 and 2 words. Full calculation: מִן־הַשְּׁלוֹשָׁ֤ה [from·the·three] (736) + בַשְּׁנַ֙יִם֙ [in·the·two] (402) + נִכְבָּ֔ד [honored] (76) + וַיְהִ֥י [and·he·was] (31) + לָהֶ֖ם [to·them] (75) + לְשָׂ֑ר [to·captain] (530) + וְעַד־הַשְּׁלוֹשָׁ֖ה [and·unto·the·three] (726) + לֹא־בָֽא [not·he·came] (34) = 2610.
Rashi
Of the three, he was honored like two He was not honored like those three. His heroism equalled that of the two, but he did not attain the amount of heroism of the three, and that is the meaning of “but to the three he did not come.”
Ralbag
'Of the three in the second rank he was the most honorable, and was made their captain' — In the Book of Samuel it is written 'of the three, the most honorable, and was made their captain.' It all amounts to the same thing: he was one of the three, and was more honored than the remaining two, and he was made their captain — and these are 'the three' who stood over 'the thirty.' But he did not attain to [the rank of] the three mighty men mentioned first, as we explained in [our commentary on] the Book of Samuel.
Metzudat David
'Of the three in the second rank' — meaning, of the three who drew the water, compared with the two others who were with him, he was the most honored of them, and so he was made their commander. 'he attained not to the first three' — meaning, he did not reach the rank of the original first three.
Malbim
‘Of the three in the second rank’ — of the three who were of the second rank; hence it says ‘in the second rank,’ meaning that among the three of the second rank he was the most honored — as distinguished from the first three. Hence it says, ‘he attained not to the first three’ (that is, the original first three) — he did not reach their rank. (Here Ezra adds a clarification of what is stated simply in Samuel, ‘of the three, the most honored,’ by adding the words ‘in the second rank.’)
Beniah the son of Jehoiada, the son of a valiant man of Kabzeel, who had done mighty deeds, he smote the two altar-hearths of Moab; he went down also and slew a lion in the midst of a pit in time of snow.
verse value 4396
Insights
Verse structure: 19 words, 87 letters. Notable word values: "and·he" (וְ֠ה֠וּא) = 18, chai, 'life'. The shortest word is "he" (ה֣וּא, 3 letters) and the longest is "son·of·Jehoiada" (בֶן־יְהוֹיָדָ֧ע, 8 letters). 8 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "son·of·man·of·valor" (בֶּן־אִֽישׁ־חַ֛יִל), "great·of·deeds" (רַב־פְּעָלִ֖ים), "from·Kabzeel" (מִֽן־קַבְצְאֵ֑ל). The root בן appears 2 times in this verse. 16 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "son·of·Jehoiada" (root בן, 665x in I Chronicles); "he" (root הוא, 50x in I Chronicles); "two·of" (root שנים, 45x in I Chronicles). First appearance of the root תוך ("in·midst·of") in I Chronicles. The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'from·Kabzeel', dividing the verse into phrases of 5 and 14 words.
Rashi
a valiant man בֶּן אִישׁ חַַיִל, similar to בֶּן בְּלִיַּעַל, an unscrupulous man, and in Samuel (II 23:20) it is written: בֶּן אִישׁ חַי for it is customary for people, when they see an agile person, to say, “This one is full of life.” mighty men אֲרִיאֵל mighty men, possessing strength of a lion, a mighty man, and [it] is also an expression of (Ezek. 17: 20): “...and he took the mighty (אֵילֵי) of the land.” who accomplished many feats He accomplished many feats of heroism. and he descended and smote the lion in the midst of a pit on a snowy day and he did not fear the cold, and some say [that the heroism] of the snowy day is that throughout the whole year the lion is not as dangerous as on a snowy day. When a person comes against him, he throws the snow with his feet between the person’s eyes until he is unable to see, and he kills him. I heard this [meaning] of this [verse].
Metzudat David
'who had done mighty deeds' — he performed many feats of might. 'the two altar-hearths of Moab' — Targum Yonatan renders it 'the two nobles of Moab'; because of their might he called them 'ariel,' a word compounded of 'ari' (lion) and 'el,' which denotes strength, as in 'into the hand of the mighty one of the nations' (Ezekiel 31). 'in the midst of a pit' — even though it was a cramped place, hard to gain a firm footing in. 'in time of snow' — even though it is the nature of the lion to grow stronger specifically in cold weather, while it is the nature of man for his vital powers to be hindered by intense cold, nevertheless Benaiah overpowered it and struck it down, killing it.
Malbim
‘Beniah’ — the second mighty man was Beniah, son of a valiant and highly capable man from the city of Kabzeel, in the territory of Judah (Joshua 15:31). He displayed three feats of might: first, he smote the two ‘altar-hearths’ of Moab, meaning its mighty warriors; second, he slew the lion, even though the lion was inside its own pit, and on a day of snow, when a lion’s strength is greatest; third, he struck down an Egyptian, a man of great stature, five cubits tall, who held a spear in his hand, and Beniah struck him down with a mere staff (here too Ezra clarifies what is not stated in Samuel — that the man was of great stature, and that his spear was like a weaver’s beam).
And he slew an Egyptian, a man of great stature, five cubits high; and in the Egyptian’s hand was a spear like a weaver’s beam; and he went down to him with a staff, and plucked the spear out of the Egyptian’s hand, and slew him with his own spear.
verse value 5891
Insights
Verse structure: 21 words, 99 letters. The shortest word is "man·of" (אִ֥ישׁ, 3 letters) and the longest is "and·he·struck" (וְהֽוּא־הִכָּה֩, 7 letters). Words sharing gematria 345: the·Egyptian, the·Egyptian, the·Egyptian. 11 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "and·he·struck" (וְהֽוּא־הִכָּה֩), "the·man" (אֶת־הָאִ֨ישׁ), "in·the·cubit" (בָּאַמָּ֗ה). The root מצרי appears 3 times in this verse. 15 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "and·in·hand·of" (root יד, 42x in I Chronicles); "the·man" (root איש, 40x in I Chronicles); "and·he·struck" (root נכה, 25x in I Chronicles). First appearance of the root מדה ("measure") in I Chronicles. First appearance of the root אל ("to·him") in I Chronicles. The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'with·the·rod', dividing the verse into phrases of 15 and 6 words.
Rashi
a man of great stature Other people do not require to be measured, as [their height] can be determined by estimate; a similar case is (Num. 13:32): “... whom we saw in its midst are men of a measure.” like a weavers’ beam the pole upon which the cloth is wrapped.
Metzudat David
'a man of great stature' — meaning, a man of great size; so too 'men of great stature' (Numbers 13). 'like a weaver's beam' — the shaft of the spear was like a weaver's beam.
Metzudat Zion
Like a weaver's beam (kimenor orgim) - This is the round piece of wood on which a weaver winds the warp threads; in the Mishnah it is called a "koved" (Shabbat 103). With a staff (beshevet) - With a rod.
These things did Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, and had a name among the three mighty men.
verse value 1926
Insights
Verse structure: 7 words, 36 letters. Notable word values: "these" (אֵ֣לֶּה) = 36, double chai. Verse gematria: 1926 is divisible by 18, the value of chai ('life'). The shortest word is "these" (אֵ֣לֶּה, 3 letters) and the longest is "son·of·Jehoiada" (בֶּן־יְהוֹיָדָ֑ע, 8 letters). 7 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "son·of·Jehoiada" (root בן, 665x in I Chronicles); "these" (root אלה, 89x in I Chronicles); "and·to·him·name" (root שם, 67x in I Chronicles). First appearance of the root בניהו ("Benaiah") in I Chronicles. The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'son·of·Jehoiada', dividing the verse into phrases of 4 and 3 words. Full calculation: אֵ֣לֶּה [these] (36) + עָשָׂ֔ה [he·did] (375) + בְּנָיָ֖הוּ [Benaiah] (73) + בֶּן־יְהוֹיָדָ֑ע [son·of·Jehoiada] (157) + וְלוֹ־שֵׁ֖ם [and·to·him·name] (382) + בִּשְׁלוֹשָׁ֥ה [in·the·three] (643) + הַגִּבֹּרִֽים [the·mighty·men] (260) = 1926.
Metzudat David
'These things' — these feats. 'and had a name' — meaning, he was renowned as a mighty man among the three water-drawing heroes who headed the thirty; meaning, that for all their own might, they too regarded him as a mighty man; but the original first three mighty men did not regard him as anything at all, given the greatness of the might that was in them.
Malbim
‘and had a name among the three mighty men’ — [this description applies to] the two just mentioned here [with this phrase: Abishai above, and Beniah here].
Behold, he was more honorable than the thirty, but he attained not to the first three; and David set him over his guard.
verse value 2998
Insights
Verse structure: 9 words, 50 letters. The shortest word is "behold·him" (הִנּ֤וֹ, 3 letters) and the longest is "from·the·thirty" (מִן־הַשְּׁלוֹשִׁ֗ים, 9 letters). 3 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "behold·him" (הִנּ֤וֹ), "and·unto·the·three" (וְאֶל־הַשְּׁלֹשָׁ֖ה), "over·his·guard" (עַל־מִשְׁמַעְתּֽוֹ). The root שלוש appears 2 times in this verse. 8 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "David" (root דוד, 182x in I Chronicles); "not·he·came" (root בוא, 62x in I Chronicles); "he" (root הוא, 50x in I Chronicles). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'not·he·came', dividing the verse into phrases of 6 and 3 words. Full calculation: מִן־הַשְּׁלוֹשִׁ֗ים [from·the·thirty] (781) + הִנּ֤וֹ [behold·him] (61) + נִכְבָּד֙ [honored] (76) + ה֔וּא [he] (12) + וְאֶל־הַשְּׁלֹשָׁ֖ה [and·unto·the·three] (677) + לֹא־בָ֑א [not·he·came] (34) + וַיְשִׂימֵ֥הוּ [and·he·set·him] (377) + דָוִ֖יד [David] (24) + עַל־מִשְׁמַעְתּֽוֹ [over·his·guard] (956) = 2998.
Rashi
Of the thirty, he was the most honored, but to the three he did not come To the heroic feats of the three he did not reach; i.e., to those three mentioned above (verse 20). Therefore, לא is written above with an “aleph.” over his guard עַל מִשְׁמַעְתּוֹ, an expression of appointment, and likewise, (Isa. 11:14): “... and the children of Ammon will be their appointees מִשְׁמַעְתָּם.”
Metzudat David
'than the thirty' — mentioned in II Samuel, and they too are listed further below. 'Behold, he was more honorable' — behold, he was more honored than they were, and therefore they did not count him among them; but he did not attain the rank of the three water-drawing heroes who headed the thirty, and therefore they too did not count him among them. 'over his guard' — to be with him, to listen and do all that he would command.
Malbim
‘more honorable than the thirty’ — in terms of honor, he was more honored than all thirty mighty men collectively, because he was head of the Sanhedrin, even though in feats of might he did not reach the level of the first three; and David appointed him officer over his own guard.
Also the mighty men of valor: Asahel the brother of Joab, Elhanan the son of Dodo of Beth-lehem;
verse value 1515
Insights
Verse structure: 9 words, 42 letters. The shortest word is "brother·of" (אֲחִ֣י, 3 letters) and the longest is "and·mighty·of" (וְגִבּוֹרֵ֖י, 6 letters). Words sharing gematria 19: brother·of, Joab. 2 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "and·mighty·of" (וְגִבּוֹרֵ֖י), "the·valor" (הַחֲיָלִ֑ים). 9 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "son·of·Dodo" (root בן, 665x in I Chronicles); "from·Beth-" (root בית, 115x in I Chronicles); "brother·of" (root אח, 95x in I Chronicles). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'the·valor', dividing the verse into phrases of 2 and 7 words. Full calculation: וְגִבּוֹרֵ֖י [and·mighty·of] (227) + הַחֲיָלִ֑ים [the·valor] (103) + עֲשָׂהאֵל֙ [Asahel] (406) + אֲחִ֣י [brother·of] (19) + יוֹאָ֔ב [Joab] (19) + אֶלְחָנָ֥ן [Elhanan] (139) + בֶּן־דּוֹד֖וֹ [son·of·Dodo] (72) + מִבֵּ֥ית [from·Beth-] (452) + לָֽחֶם [lehem] (78) = 1515.
Rashi
And the mighty warriors but not like those above.
Ralbag
'Also the mighty men of valor: Asahel the brother of Joab,' etc. — Now some of the mighty men mentioned here were already mentioned under other names in the Book of Samuel, and other mighty men are mentioned in this place who are not mentioned in the Book of Samuel; and all of them are listed here, after Uriah the Hittite.
Metzudat David
'Also the mighty men of valor' — these are the rest of the mighty men of valor: Asahel, etc. In II Samuel only the more important of them are counted, those listed here first, down to Uriah the Hittite; some of them, however, are called there by another name that they also had.
Malbim
‘Also the mighty men of valor’ — I have already explained, in my commentary on Samuel, that the third hero of the second group of three was Asahel, and there it is stated, ‘Asahel the brother of Joab, among the thirty’ — meaning that although he is counted among the six mighty men [of the two triads], he was not stationed with the king at all times like the first five; rather, he served with the thirty, as is written below (18:17), ‘And Benaiah son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and the Pelethites,’ which Targum renders ‘over the slingers and the archers’ [that is, the corps of the thirty]. That is why he is counted here among the mighty men of the armies, at the head of them all. Now in Samuel more mighty men are counted, down to Uriah the Hittite — who appears here in verse 41 — with a total given there of thirty-seven; I explained there that this is thirty-seven counting together with the original six; see there. Here too these mighty men are counted, some of them under changed names; one might say that each had two names, or that some died in the meantime and others took their place, and Ezra counted the roster as it stood [in his sources]. And from Uriah onward, Ezra found sixteen more mighty men recorded in the Book of Chronicles, and he counted them as well.
Verse structure: 4 words, 19 letters. The shortest word is "Helez" (חֶ֖לֶץ, 3 letters) and the longest is "the·Harorite" (הַהֲרוֹרִ֔י, 6 letters). 1 word in this verse appears nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "the·Harorite" (הַהֲרוֹרִ֔י). 4 unique roots are used. First appearance of the root פלני ("the·Pelonite") in I Chronicles. Full calculation: שַׁמּוֹת֙ [Shammoth] (746) + הַהֲרוֹרִ֔י [the·Harorite] (426) + חֶ֖לֶץ [Helez] (128) + הַפְּלוֹנִֽי [the·Pelonite] (181) = 1481.
Ira the son of Ikkesh the Tekoite, Abiezer the Anathothite;
verse value 2625
Insights
Verse structure: 5 words, 28 letters. The shortest word is "Ira" (עִירָ֤א, 4 letters) and the longest is "the·Anathothite" (הָעַנְּתוֹתִֽי, 7 letters). 5 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "son·of·Ikkesh" (root בן, 665x in I Chronicles). First appearance of the root עירא ("Ira") in I Chronicles. First appearance of the root ענתתי ("the·Anathothite") in I Chronicles. Full calculation: עִירָ֤א [Ira] (281) + בֶן־עִקֵּשׁ֙ [son·of·Ikkesh] (522) + הַתְּקוֹעִ֔י [the·Tekoite] (591) + אֲבִיעֶ֖זֶר [Abiezer] (290) + הָעַנְּתוֹתִֽי [the·Anathothite] (941) = 2625.
Verse structure: 4 words, 19 letters. The shortest word is "Sibbecai" (סִבְּכַי֙, 4 letters) and the longest is "the·Ahohite" (הָאֲחוֹחִֽי, 6 letters). 1 word in this verse appears nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "Ilai" (עִילַ֖י). 4 unique roots are used. First appearance of the root סבכי ("Sibbecai") in I Chronicles. First appearance of the root חשתי ("the·Hushathite") in I Chronicles. Full calculation: סִבְּכַי֙ [Sibbecai] (92) + הַחֻ֣שָׁתִ֔י [the·Hushathite] (723) + עִילַ֖י [Ilai] (120) + הָאֲחוֹחִֽי [the·Ahohite] (38) = 973.
Mahrai the Netophathite, Heled the son of Baanah the Netophathite;
verse value 1590
Insights
Verse structure: 5 words, 26 letters. The shortest word is "Heled" (חֵ֥לֶד, 3 letters) and the longest is "the·Netophathite" (הַנְּטוֹפָתִֽי, 7 letters). 3 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "the·Netophathite" (הַנְּטֹ֣פָתִ֔י), "Heled" (חֵ֥לֶד), "son·of·Baanah" (בֶּֽן־בַּעֲנָ֖ה). The root נטופתי appears 2 times in this verse. 4 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "son·of·Baanah" (root בן, 665x in I Chronicles). Full calculation: מַהְרַי֙ [Mahrai] (255) + הַנְּטֹ֣פָתִ֔י [the·Netophathite] (554) + חֵ֥לֶד [Heled] (42) + בֶּֽן־בַּעֲנָ֖ה [son·of·Baanah] (179) + הַנְּטוֹפָתִֽי [the·Netophathite] (560) = 1590.
Ithai the son of Ribai of Gibeah of the children of Benjamin, Benaiah the Pirathonite;
verse value 2306
Insights
Verse structure: 7 words, 34 letters. The shortest word is "sons·of" (בְּנֵ֣י, 3 letters) and the longest is "the·Pirathonite" (הַפִּרְעָתֹנִֽי, 7 letters). 4 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "Ithai" (אִיתַ֣י), "son·of·Ribai" (בֶּן־רִיבַ֗י), "from·Gibeah" (מִגִּבְעַת֙). The root בן appears 2 times in this verse. 6 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "son·of·Ribai" (root בן, 665x in I Chronicles). Full calculation: אִיתַ֣י [Ithai] (421) + בֶּן־רִיבַ֗י [son·of·Ribai] (274) + מִגִּבְעַת֙ [from·Gibeah] (515) + בְּנֵ֣י [sons·of] (62) + בִנְיָמִ֔ן [Benjamin] (152) + בְּנָיָ֖ה [Benaiah] (67) + הַפִּרְעָתֹנִֽי [the·Pirathonite] (815) = 2306.
Verse structure: 5 words, 23 letters. The shortest word is "Gaash" (גָ֔עַשׁ, 3 letters) and the longest is "the·Arbathite" (הָעַרְבָתִֽי, 6 letters). 5 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "Hurai" (חוּרַי֙), "from·Nahale-" (מִנַּ֣חֲלֵי), "Gaash" (גָ֔עַשׁ). 5 unique roots are used. Full calculation: חוּרַי֙ [Hurai] (224) + מִנַּ֣חֲלֵי [from·Nahale-] (138) + גָ֔עַשׁ [Gaash] (373) + אֲבִיאֵ֖ל [Abiel] (44) + הָעַרְבָתִֽי [the·Arbathite] (687) = 1466.
Verse structure: 4 words, 25 letters. Verse gematria: 1313 is divisible by 13, the value of echad ('one') and ahavah ('love'). The shortest word is "Azmaveth" (עַזְמָ֙וֶת֙, 5 letters) and the longest is "the·Baharumite" (הַבַּ֣חֲרוּמִ֔י, 7 letters). 3 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "the·Baharumite" (הַבַּ֣חֲרוּמִ֔י), "Eliahba" (אֶלְיַחְבָּ֖א), "the·Shaalbonite" (הַשַּׁעַלְבֹנִֽי). 4 unique roots are used. Full calculation: עַזְמָ֙וֶת֙ [Azmaveth] (523) + הַבַּ֣חֲרוּמִ֔י [the·Baharumite] (271) + אֶלְיַחְבָּ֖א [Eliahba] (52) + הַשַּׁעַלְבֹנִֽי [the·Shaalbonite] (467) = 1313.
the sons of Hashem the Gizonite, Jonathan the son of Shageh the Hararite;
verse value 1784
Insights
Verse structure: 6 words, 27 letters. The shortest word is "sons·of" (בְּנֵ֗י, 3 letters) and the longest is "the·Gizonite" (הַגִּ֣זוֹנִ֔י, 6 letters). 3 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "Hashem" (הָשֵׁם֙), "the·Gizonite" (הַגִּ֣זוֹנִ֔י), "son·of·Shageh" (בֶּן־שָׁגֵ֖ה). The root בן appears 2 times in this verse. 5 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "sons·of" (root בן, 665x in I Chronicles). Full calculation: בְּנֵ֗י [sons·of] (62) + הָשֵׁם֙ [Hashem] (345) + הַגִּ֣זוֹנִ֔י [the·Gizonite] (81) + יוֹנָתָ֥ן [Jonathan] (516) + בֶּן־שָׁגֵ֖ה [son·of·Shageh] (360) + הַהֲרָרִֽי [the·Hararite] (420) = 1784.
Ahiam the son of Sacar the Hararite, Eliphal the son of Ur;
verse value 1462
Insights
Verse structure: 5 words, 25 letters. Verse gematria: 1462 is divisible by 86, the value of Elohim. 4 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "Ahiam" (אֲחִיאָ֧ם), "son·of·Sacar" (בֶּן־שָׂכָ֛ר), "Eliphal" (אֱלִיפַ֥ל). The root בן appears 2 times in this verse. 4 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "son·of·Sacar" (root בן, 665x in I Chronicles). Full calculation: אֲחִיאָ֧ם [Ahiam] (60) + בֶּן־שָׂכָ֛ר [son·of·Sacar] (572) + הַהֲרָרִ֖י [the·Hararite] (420) + אֱלִיפַ֥ל [Eliphal] (151) + בֶּן־אֽוּר [son·of·Ur] (259) = 1462.
Verse structure: 4 words, 18 letters. The shortest word is "Hepher" (חֵ֚פֶר, 3 letters) and the longest is "the·Mecherathite" (הַמְּכֵ֣רָתִ֔י, 6 letters). 3 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "Hepher" (חֵ֚פֶר), "the·Mecherathite" (הַמְּכֵ֣רָתִ֔י), "the·Pelonite" (הַפְּלֹנִֽי). 4 unique roots are used. Full calculation: חֵ֚פֶר [Hepher] (288) + הַמְּכֵ֣רָתִ֔י [the·Mecherathite] (675) + אֲחִיָּ֖ה [Ahijah] (24) + הַפְּלֹנִֽי [the·Pelonite] (175) = 1162.
Verse structure: 4 words, 20 letters. The shortest word is "Hezro" (חֶצְרוֹ֙, 4 letters) and the longest is "the·Carmelite" (הַֽכַּרְמְלִ֔י, 6 letters). 4 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "Hezro" (חֶצְרוֹ֙), "the·Carmelite" (הַֽכַּרְמְלִ֔י), "Naarai" (נַעֲרַ֖י). 4 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "son·of·Ezbai" (root בן, 665x in I Chronicles). Full calculation: חֶצְרוֹ֙ [Hezro] (304) + הַֽכַּרְמְלִ֔י [the·Carmelite] (305) + נַעֲרַ֖י [Naarai] (330) + בֶּן־אֶזְבָּֽי [son·of·Ezbai] (72) = 1011.
Joel the brother of Nathan, Mibhar the son of Hagri;
verse value 1086
Insights
Verse structure: 5 words, 20 letters. The shortest word is "brother·of" (אֲחִ֣י, 3 letters) and the longest is "son·of·Hagri" (בֶּן־הַגְרִֽי, 6 letters). 2 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "Mibhar" (מִבְחָ֖ר), "son·of·Hagri" (בֶּן־הַגְרִֽי). 5 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "son·of·Hagri" (root בן, 665x in I Chronicles); "brother·of" (root אח, 95x in I Chronicles); "Nathan" (root נתן, 50x in I Chronicles). Full calculation: יוֹאֵל֙ [Joel] (47) + אֲחִ֣י [brother·of] (19) + נָתָ֔ן [Nathan] (500) + מִבְחָ֖ר [Mibhar] (250) + בֶּן־הַגְרִֽי [son·of·Hagri] (270) = 1086.
Zelek the Ammonite, Nahrai the Berothite, the armor-bearer of Joab the son of Zeruiah;
verse value 2079
Insights
Verse structure: 8 words, 35 letters. The shortest word is "Zelek" (צֶ֖לֶק, 3 letters) and the longest is "son·of·Zeruiah" (בֶּן־צְרוּיָֽה, 7 letters). 4 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "Zelek" (צֶ֖לֶק), "the·Ammonite" (הָעַמּוֹנִ֑י), "Nahrai" (נַחְרַי֙). 8 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "son·of·Zeruiah" (root בן, 665x in I Chronicles); "Joab" (root יואב, 25x in I Chronicles); "bearer·of" (root נשא, 24x in I Chronicles). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'the·Ammonite', dividing the verse into phrases of 2 and 6 words. Full calculation: צֶ֖לֶק [Zelek] (220) + הָעַמּוֹנִ֑י [the·Ammonite] (181) + נַחְרַי֙ [Nahrai] (268) + הַבֵּ֣רֹתִ֔י [the·Berothite] (617) + נֹשֵׂ֕א [bearer·of] (351) + כְּלֵ֖י [vessels·of] (60) + יוֹאָ֥ב [Joab] (19) + בֶּן־צְרוּיָֽה [son·of·Zeruiah] (363) = 2079.
Metzudat David
'the armor-bearer of Joab' — this refers back to Nahrai, meaning that he was the one who carried Joab's equipment.
Verse structure: 4 words, 17 letters. The shortest word is "Gareb" (גָּרֵ֖ב, 3 letters) and the longest is "the·Ithrite" (הַיִּתְרִ֔י, 5 letters). Words sharing gematria 625: the·Ithrite, the·Ithrite. 1 word in this verse appears nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "Gareb" (גָּרֵ֖ב). The root יתרי appears 2 times in this verse. 3 unique roots are used. Full calculation: עִירָא֙ [Ira] (281) + הַיִּתְרִ֔י [the·Ithrite] (625) + גָּרֵ֖ב [Gareb] (205) + הַיִּתְרִֽי [the·Ithrite] (625) = 1736.
Verse structure: 4 words, 18 letters. Notable word values: "Zabad" (זָבָ֖ד) = 13, the value of echad ('one') and ahavah ('love'). The shortest word is "Zabad" (זָבָ֖ד, 3 letters) and the longest is "son·of·Ahlai" (בֶּן־אַחְלָֽי, 6 letters). 4 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "Uriah" (אֽוּרִיָּה֙), "the·Hittite" (הַחִתִּ֔י), "Zabad" (זָבָ֖ד). 4 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "son·of·Ahlai" (root בן, 665x in I Chronicles). Full calculation: אֽוּרִיָּה֙ [Uriah] (222) + הַחִתִּ֔י [the·Hittite] (423) + זָבָ֖ד [Zabad] (13) + בֶּן־אַחְלָֽי [son·of·Ahlai] (101) = 759.
Adina the son of Shiza the Reubenite, a chief of the Reubenites, and thirty with him;
verse value 2381
Insights
Verse structure: 7 words, 38 letters. The shortest word is "head" (רֹ֛אשׁ, 3 letters) and the longest is "the·Reubenite" (הָראוּבֵנִ֗י, 7 letters). 4 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "Adina" (עֲדִינָ֨א), "son·of·Shiza" (בֶן־שִׁיזָ֜א), "the·Reubenite" (הָראוּבֵנִ֗י). The root ראובני appears 2 times in this verse. 6 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "son·of·Shiza" (root בן, 665x in I Chronicles); "head" (root ראש, 73x in I Chronicles); "and·with·him" (root על, 59x in I Chronicles). Full calculation: עֲדִינָ֨א [Adina] (135) + בֶן־שִׁיזָ֜א [son·of·Shiza] (370) + הָראוּבֵנִ֗י [the·Reubenite] (274) + רֹ֛אשׁ [head] (501) + לָראוּבֵנִ֖י [to·the·Reubenites] (299) + וְעָלָ֥יו [and·with·him] (122) + שְׁלֹשִֽׁים [thirty] (680) = 2381.
Ralbag
'and thirty with him' — meaning, and beside him were thirty; and it appears that not all of them are named, for those named after this amount to only fourteen.
Metzudat David
'and thirty with him' — meaning, those attached to him and following him.
Hanan the son of Maacah, and Joshaphat the Mithnite;
verse value 1211
Insights
Verse structure: 4 words, 20 letters. The shortest word is "Hanan" (חָנָן֙, 3 letters) and the longest is "son·of·Maacah" (בֶּֽן־מַעֲכָ֔ה, 6 letters). 1 word in this verse appears nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "the·Mithnite" (הַמִּתְנִֽי). 4 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "son·of·Maacah" (root בן, 665x in I Chronicles). Full calculation: חָנָן֙ [Hanan] (108) + בֶּֽן־מַעֲכָ֔ה [son·of·Maacah] (187) + וְיוֹשָׁפָ֖ט [and·Joshaphat] (411) + הַמִּתְנִֽי [the·Mithnite] (505) = 1211.
Uzzia the Ashterathite, Shama and Jeiel the sons of Hotham the Aroerite;
verse value 3204
Insights
Verse structure: 8 words, 39 letters. Verse gematria: 3204 is divisible by 18, the value of chai ('life'). The shortest word is "Shama" (שָׁמָע֙, 3 letters) and the longest is "the·Ashterathite" (הָעַשְׁתְּרָתִ֑י, 7 letters). 5 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "Uzzia" (עֻזִּיָּ֖א), "the·Ashterathite" (הָעַשְׁתְּרָתִ֑י), "Shama" (שָׁמָע֙). 7 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "sons·of" (root בן, 665x in I Chronicles). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'the·Ashterathite', dividing the verse into phrases of 2 and 6 words.
Jediael the son of Shimri, and Joha his brother, the Tizite;
verse value 1292
Insights
Verse structure: 5 words, 25 letters. The shortest word is "and·Joha" (וְיֹחָ֥א, 4 letters) and the longest is "Jediael" (יְדִֽיעֲאֵל֙, 6 letters). Words sharing gematria 25: and·Joha, his·brother. 2 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "and·Joha" (וְיֹחָ֥א), "the·Tizite" (הַתִּיצִֽי). 5 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "son·of·Shimri" (root בן, 665x in I Chronicles); "his·brother" (root אח, 95x in I Chronicles). Full calculation: יְדִֽיעֲאֵל֙ [Jediael] (125) + בֶּן־שִׁמְרִ֔י [son·of·Shimri] (602) + וְיֹחָ֥א [and·Joha] (25) + אָחִ֖יו [his·brother] (25) + הַתִּיצִֽי [the·Tizite] (515) = 1292.
Eliel the Mahavite, and Jeribai, and Joshaviah, the sons of Elnaam, and Ithmah the Moabite;
verse value 1540
Insights
Verse structure: 8 words, 43 letters. The shortest word is "sons·of" (בְּנֵ֣י, 3 letters) and the longest is "and·Joshaviah" (וְיוֹשַׁוְיָ֖ה, 7 letters). 6 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "the·Mahavite" (הַֽמַּחֲוִ֔ים), "and·Jeribai" (וִירִיבַ֥י), "and·Joshaviah" (וְיוֹשַׁוְיָ֖ה). 8 unique roots are used. Frequent roots: "sons·of" (root בן, 665x in I Chronicles). The etnachta (major mid-verse pause) falls on 'Elnaam', dividing the verse into phrases of 6 and 2 words. Full calculation: אֱלִיאֵל֙ [Eliel] (72) + הַֽמַּחֲוִ֔ים [the·Mahavite] (109) + וִירִיבַ֥י [and·Jeribai] (238) + וְיוֹשַׁוְיָ֖ה [and·Joshaviah] (343) + בְּנֵ֣י [sons·of] (62) + אֶלְנָ֑עַם [Elnaam] (191) + וְיִתְמָ֖ה [and·Ithmah] (461) + הַמּוֹאָבִֽי [the·Moabite] (64) = 1540.
Verse structure: 4 words, 23 letters. The shortest word is "Eliel" (אֱלִיאֵ֣ל, 5 letters) and the longest is "and·Jaasiel" (וְיַעֲשִׂיאֵ֖ל, 7 letters). 2 words in this verse appear nowhere else in I Chronicles. Unique to this verse in I Chronicles (hapax): "and·Jaasiel" (וְיַעֲשִׂיאֵ֖ל), "the·Mezobaite" (הַמְּצֹבָיָֽה). 4 unique roots are used. Full calculation: אֱלִיאֵ֣ל [Eliel] (72) + וְעוֹבֵ֔ד [and·Obed] (88) + וְיַעֲשִׂיאֵ֖ל [and·Jaasiel] (427) + הַמְּצֹבָיָֽה [the·Mezobaite] (152) = 739.
Ralbag
Metzudat David
Malbim